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CA rent control back on the ballot, twice

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Thursday, August 8, 2024

Members of the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases in Newport Beach on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters Sky-high rent is among Californians’ biggest concerns. Nearly 30% of tenants spend more than half their income on rent; and the median rent is $2,850 a month, 33% higher than the national average. Two propositions on the Nov. 5 ballot address this issue — though one does so in a rather roundabout way. The more straightforward one is Proposition 33, which would give local governments more control over rent caps. Currently, cities cannot limit rents on single-family homes, apartments built after 1995 and new tenants. Prop. 33 would change that, essentially ending the state’s “limits on limits.” Tenant advocates say that, if passed, Prop. 33 would keep more people housed. But voters have rejected two similar ballot measures in 2018 and 2020. Landlord groups opposing this year’s measure say stricter rent control will make housing less profitable, worsening the housing crunch. Learn more about Prop. 33 from CalMatters homelessness reporter Marisa Kendall in our one-minute video. And take a quiz from CalMatters data reporter Erica Yee to see how you might vote.  The measure is sponsored by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which also poured tens of millions of dollars into the two previous rent control measures. To stop the foundation from bankrolling another one, landlord groups are backing Prop. 34.  It would require California health care providers (but really, just the AIDS Foundation) to spend at least 98% of revenue from a specific prescription drug discount program on “direct patient care” — or risk having their state license and tax-exempt status revoked and losing out on government contracts. Supporters, including the California Apartment Association, say the ballot measure is a simple case of accountability, while the foundation argues it’s a political hit job. To find out more, watch a video explainer from CalMatters housing reporter Ben Christopher. And take the quiz from Erica.  More on props: On Wednesday, CalMatters posted its first TikTok on a ballot measure: Prop. 32 to increase California’s minimum wage. Starring our politics intern Jenna Peterson, you can also watch it on Instagram.  Young voters: Jenna and Matthew Reagan, assistant editor of CalMatters’ College Journalism Network, talked to political analysts and young people about Vice President Kamala Harris and the presidential race. Following President Joe Biden’s stunning withdrawal from the race, 72% of registered voters 18 to 29 said they were either “very likely” or “almost certain” to vote in the presidential election — up 8 percentage points. But even with 41 million eligible Gen Z voters, that age group has historically voted at a far lower rate than every other age group.  Harris’ candidacy, however, is drumming up more excitement among young voters, who are boosting her campaign with coconut emojis, green-tinted Brat fancams and “Veep” memes. Mindy Romero, founder and director of the Center for Inclusive Democracy at the University of Southern California: “I think all of the momentum and activities that we’ve been seeing can grab the attention of young people, maybe get them to give her a chance. She still has to have the goods.” Democrats hope all that enthusiasm will help congressional candidates in California. For example, Republican U.S. Rep. John Duarte is clashing again with Democrat Adam Gray for the 13th District centered on Modesto. Duarte won in 2022 by just 564 votes, when the youth turnout was only 23%. Read more on California’s young voters in Jenna and Matthew’s story. November election: It’s not too early to get informed. Keep up with CalMatters coverage by signing up for 2024 election emails. Check out our Voter Guide, including updates and videos on the 10 propositions and a FAQ on how to vote. And read up on the history of ballot measures in California. Your favorite state, in photos: CalMatters has teamed up with CatchLight to launch California in Pictures, a new monthly newsletter that highlights compelling photojournalism from across the state. See the latest edition here. Sign up to receive the next one. And read more about it from our engagement team. CalMatters covers the Capitol: We have guides and stories to keep track of bills and your lawmakers, find out how well legislators are representing you, explore the Legislature’s record diversity and make your voice heard. Other Stories You Should Know EPA bans herbicide used in CA fields A crop row in the Castroville area of Monterey County on Dec. 15, 2023. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters More than a year after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released a report that a weed-killing chemical was dangerous to humans, the department finally banned the herbicide on Tuesday, writes CalMatters water reporter Rachel Becker. In a move that one toxicologist said was “long overdue,” the agency issued a rare emergency order to suspend all use of Dacthal immediately — the first time it’s done so in nearly 40 years. Women exposed to the pesticide “could give birth to babies that experience irreversible lifelong health problems,” including impaired brain development, according to the EPA. Pregnant farmworkers and people living near fields are the most vulnerable. The chemical is sprayed on crops, such as broccoli, onions and cabbage. In California, Dacthal is used the most in Monterey County, as well as Imperial, Fresno, Riverside, Santa Barbara counties. The herbicide has contaminated Salinas Valley groundwater in low concentrations.  Federal and California officials have known its health risks for decades, but the state’s department for pesticide regulation told CalMatters it couldn’t ban Dacthal on its own because it didn’t have enough information. Read more about California’s use of the Dacthal in Rachel’s story. Helping UC students sober up The lobby of the Cowell Building at UC Davis, which serves as the general meeting area for Counseling Services, on Aug. 1, 2024. Photo by Louis Bryant III for CalMatters University of California students battling alcoholism and substance use disorder are finding refuge in on-campus collegiate recovery programs — but only half of UC campuses offer this kind of comprehensive support. As CalMatters higher education reporter Mikhail Zinshteyn explains, these treatment programs differ from others such as Alcoholics Anonymous because they don’t require students to be completely abstinent.  This more nuanced approach still provides students an outlet to cope with, and eventually conquer, their addiction. Some programs, including at UC Davis, distribute fentanyl test strips and the overdose-reversing medication Narcan, for free.  Cheech Raygoza, an undergraduate at UC Berkeley who has been drug- and alcohol-free since 2018: “It’s just so awesome to be part of this community. It helps me live.” But only five of the 10 UC campuses have at least one full-time staff member. The university system’s student government, which represents 233,000 undergraduates, wants that to change. At a July UC Regents meeting, the organization called for ongoing funding for each program, dedicated meeting spaces and a full-time coordinator at every UC. The UC president’s office says that every campus has some kind of drug prevention, intervention and treatment program, which served 4,000 students last year. Learn more about the recovery programs in Mikhail’s story. And lastly: The toll of heatwaves A man drinks water during a heatwave in Los Angeles on July 13, 2023. Photo by Damian Dovarganes via AP A new state report shows that California heatwaves have killed hundreds of residents and cost billions of dollars in the past decade. CalMatters economy reporter Levi Sumagaysay and producer Robert Meeks have a video segment on Levi’s story on the toll of heatwaves as part of our partnership with PBS SoCal. Watch it here. SoCalMatters airs at 5:58 p.m. weekdays on PBS SoCal. California Voices CalMatters columnist Dan Walters: Here are some curious actions by California officials that deserve more explanation.  CalMatters columnist Jim Newton: Gov. Gavin Newsom’s anti-camping executive order could make it more difficult for Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass to use a philanthropic fund to prevent homelessness. Other things worth your time: Some stories may require a subscription to read. Newsom touts EV sales in CA, jabs Trump // The Sacramento Bee CA school districts try many options before charging parents for student truancy // EdSource Magnitude 5.2 quake near Bakersfield rattles SoCal // Los Angeles Times Salton Sea is smellier than ever and worsening people’s asthma // Los Angeles Times Federal judge overturns Alameda death penalty over racial bias // KQED Key figure in FBI Oakland probe accused of stealing $4M // San Francisco Chronicle UC Irvine students’ fates remain uncertain months after arrests // The Orange County Register LA police say they can’t enforce new rules for Airbnb party houses // Los Angeles Times Why did LA take the ‘right’ out of renter’s ‘right to counsel’ in eviction court? // LAist Homeless SF families displaced from RVs // San Francisco Chronicle

Sky-high rent is among Californians’ biggest concerns. Nearly 30% of tenants spend more than half their income on rent; and the median rent is $2,850 a month, 33% higher than the national average. Two propositions on the Nov. 5 ballot address this issue — though one does so in a rather roundabout way. The more […]

Bay Area tenants from the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases outside the office complex that houses KDF Communities LLC's office in Newport Beach, on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters
Bay Area tenants from the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases outside the office complex that houses KDF Communities LLC's office in Newport Beach, on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters
Members of the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases in Newport Beach on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters

Sky-high rent is among Californians’ biggest concerns. Nearly 30% of tenants spend more than half their income on rent; and the median rent is $2,850 a month, 33% higher than the national average.

Two propositions on the Nov. 5 ballot address this issue — though one does so in a rather roundabout way.

The more straightforward one is Proposition 33, which would give local governments more control over rent caps. Currently, cities cannot limit rents on single-family homes, apartments built after 1995 and new tenants. Prop. 33 would change that, essentially ending the state’s “limits on limits.” Tenant advocates say that, if passed, Prop. 33 would keep more people housed.

But voters have rejected two similar ballot measures in 2018 and 2020. Landlord groups opposing this year’s measure say stricter rent control will make housing less profitable, worsening the housing crunch.

Learn more about Prop. 33 from CalMatters homelessness reporter Marisa Kendall in our one-minute video. And take a quiz from CalMatters data reporter Erica Yee to see how you might vote. 

The measure is sponsored by the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, which also poured tens of millions of dollars into the two previous rent control measures. To stop the foundation from bankrolling another one, landlord groups are backing Prop. 34

It would require California health care providers (but really, just the AIDS Foundation) to spend at least 98% of revenue from a specific prescription drug discount program on “direct patient care” — or risk having their state license and tax-exempt status revoked and losing out on government contracts.

Supporters, including the California Apartment Association, say the ballot measure is a simple case of accountability, while the foundation argues it’s a political hit job.

To find out more, watch a video explainer from CalMatters housing reporter Ben Christopher. And take the quiz from Erica. 

More on props: On Wednesday, CalMatters posted its first TikTok on a ballot measure: Prop. 32 to increase California’s minimum wage. Starring our politics intern Jenna Peterson, you can also watch it on Instagram

Young voters: Jenna and Matthew Reagan, assistant editor of CalMatters’ College Journalism Network, talked to political analysts and young people about Vice President Kamala Harris and the presidential race.

Following President Joe Biden’s stunning withdrawal from the race, 72% of registered voters 18 to 29 said they were either “very likely” or “almost certain” to vote in the presidential election — up 8 percentage points.

But even with 41 million eligible Gen Z voters, that age group has historically voted at a far lower rate than every other age group. 

Harris’ candidacy, however, is drumming up more excitement among young voters, who are boosting her campaign with coconut emojis, green-tinted Brat fancams and “Veep” memes.

  • Mindy Romero, founder and director of the Center for Inclusive Democracy at the University of Southern California: “I think all of the momentum and activities that we’ve been seeing can grab the attention of young people, maybe get them to give her a chance. She still has to have the goods.”

Democrats hope all that enthusiasm will help congressional candidates in California. For example, Republican U.S. Rep. John Duarte is clashing again with Democrat Adam Gray for the 13th District centered on Modesto. Duarte won in 2022 by just 564 votes, when the youth turnout was only 23%.

Read more on California’s young voters in Jenna and Matthew’s story.

November election: It’s not too early to get informed. Keep up with CalMatters coverage by signing up for 2024 election emails. Check out our Voter Guide, including updates and videos on the 10 propositions and a FAQ on how to vote. And read up on the history of ballot measures in California.


Your favorite state, in photos: CalMatters has teamed up with CatchLight to launch California in Pictures, a new monthly newsletter that highlights compelling photojournalism from across the state. See the latest edition here. Sign up to receive the next one. And read more about it from our engagement team.

CalMatters covers the Capitol: We have guides and stories to keep track of bills and your lawmakers, find out how well legislators are representing you, explore the Legislature’s record diversity and make your voice heard.


Other Stories You Should Know


EPA bans herbicide used in CA fields

A dirt field for artichoke crop in the Castroville area of Monterey County on Dec. 15, 2023. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters
A crop row in the Castroville area of Monterey County on Dec. 15, 2023. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters

More than a year after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released a report that a weed-killing chemical was dangerous to humans, the department finally banned the herbicide on Tuesday, writes CalMatters water reporter Rachel Becker.

In a move that one toxicologist said was “long overdue,” the agency issued a rare emergency order to suspend all use of Dacthal immediately — the first time it’s done so in nearly 40 years. Women exposed to the pesticide “could give birth to babies that experience irreversible lifelong health problems,” including impaired brain development, according to the EPA.

Pregnant farmworkers and people living near fields are the most vulnerable. The chemical is sprayed on crops, such as broccoli, onions and cabbage. In California, Dacthal is used the most in Monterey County, as well as Imperial, Fresno, Riverside, Santa Barbara counties. The herbicide has contaminated Salinas Valley groundwater in low concentrations. 

Federal and California officials have known its health risks for decades, but the state’s department for pesticide regulation told CalMatters it couldn’t ban Dacthal on its own because it didn’t have enough information.

Read more about California’s use of the Dacthal in Rachel’s story.

Helping UC students sober up

Balloons spell out "Welcome" at in the lobby of a general meeting area at the
The lobby of the Cowell Building at UC Davis, which serves as the general meeting area for Counseling Services, on Aug. 1, 2024. Photo by Louis Bryant III for CalMatters

University of California students battling alcoholism and substance use disorder are finding refuge in on-campus collegiate recovery programs — but only half of UC campuses offer this kind of comprehensive support.

As CalMatters higher education reporter Mikhail Zinshteyn explains, these treatment programs differ from others such as Alcoholics Anonymous because they don’t require students to be completely abstinent. 

This more nuanced approach still provides students an outlet to cope with, and eventually conquer, their addiction. Some programs, including at UC Davis, distribute fentanyl test strips and the overdose-reversing medication Narcan, for free. 

  • Cheech Raygoza, an undergraduate at UC Berkeley who has been drug- and alcohol-free since 2018: “It’s just so awesome to be part of this community. It helps me live.”

But only five of the 10 UC campuses have at least one full-time staff member. The university system’s student government, which represents 233,000 undergraduates, wants that to change. At a July UC Regents meeting, the organization called for ongoing funding for each program, dedicated meeting spaces and a full-time coordinator at every UC.

The UC president’s office says that every campus has some kind of drug prevention, intervention and treatment program, which served 4,000 students last year.

Learn more about the recovery programs in Mikhail’s story.

And lastly: The toll of heatwaves

A man drinks water during a heat wave in Los Angeles on July 13, 2023. Photo by Damian Dovarganes via AP
A man drinks water during a heatwave in Los Angeles on July 13, 2023. Photo by Damian Dovarganes via AP

A new state report shows that California heatwaves have killed hundreds of residents and cost billions of dollars in the past decade. CalMatters economy reporter Levi Sumagaysay and producer Robert Meeks have a video segment on Levi’s story on the toll of heatwaves as part of our partnership with PBS SoCal. Watch it here.

SoCalMatters airs at 5:58 p.m. weekdays on PBS SoCal.


California Voices

CalMatters columnist Dan Walters: Here are some curious actions by California officials that deserve more explanation

CalMatters columnist Jim Newton: Gov. Gavin Newsom’s anti-camping executive order could make it more difficult for Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass to use a philanthropic fund to prevent homelessness.


Other things worth your time:

Some stories may require a subscription to read.


Newsom touts EV sales in CA, jabs Trump // The Sacramento Bee

CA school districts try many options before charging parents for student truancy // EdSource

Magnitude 5.2 quake near Bakersfield rattles SoCal // Los Angeles Times

Salton Sea is smellier than ever and worsening people’s asthma // Los Angeles Times

Federal judge overturns Alameda death penalty over racial bias // KQED

Key figure in FBI Oakland probe accused of stealing $4M // San Francisco Chronicle

UC Irvine students’ fates remain uncertain months after arrests // The Orange County Register

LA police say they can’t enforce new rules for Airbnb party houses // Los Angeles Times

Why did LA take the ‘right’ out of renter’s ‘right to counsel’ in eviction court? // LAist

Homeless SF families displaced from RVs // San Francisco Chronicle

Read the full story here.
Photos courtesy of

Texas sues DuPont, 3M over ‘forever chemicals’ in consumer products

Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton (R) is suing companies that have historically made toxic “forever chemicals” or products that contain them, alleging false advertising over their safety. Paxton, in his lawsuit, alleged that DuPont’s Teflon and 3M’s Scotchgard were among products that the companies sold to Texans while concealing “substantial risks from consumers and the...

Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton (R) is suing companies that have historically made toxic “forever chemicals” or products that contain them, alleging false advertising over their safety. Paxton, in his lawsuit, alleged that DuPont’s Teflon and 3M’s Scotchgard were among products that the companies sold to Texans while concealing “substantial risks from consumers and the State.” “Defendants marketed products containing harmful PFAS chemicals for over 70 years and were aware of the harmful effects of PFAS chemicals for over 50 years,” the lawsuit said.  “Despite this knowledge, Defendants continued to market PFAS products and chemicals in Texas and elsewhere as safe for consumer use, misrepresent their environmental and biological risks, and conceal risks of harm from the public,” it continued.  PFAS, which stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, is the name of a family of chemicals that have been widely used in a range of consumer products including nonstick pans and waterproof clothing and cosmetics. The substances have also been linked to a range of health issues including cancers, and issues with the thyroid, immune system and fertility. They are sometimes called “forever chemicals” because they persist for a very long time in the environment instead of breaking down. They have become pervasive in land and water, and are estimated to be in the blood of virtually every American.  In filing the suit, Texas joins a chorus of other states — red and blue alike — in filing suits over the chemicals. Some of these suits have alleged false advertising, while others have sought compensation for alleged contamination.  But, as a broad center of Republican politics, Texas’s suit is significant. DuPont spun off its division that makes PFAS-containing products in 2015. In 2017, the company merged with Dow, though they later split — and created another company called Corteva that contained some assets from both firms — in 2019.  As a result, the company that today goes by DuPont claims it is not the same company as the one that historically manufactured Teflon and other PFAS-containing products.  In response to the lawsuit, DuPont spokesperson Dan Turner said “DuPont de Nemours has never manufactured PFOA or PFOS,” referring to two particularly toxic and relatively well-studied types of PFAS. “While we don’t comment on litigation matters, we believe this complaint is without merit, and we look forward to vigorously defending our record of safety, health and environmental stewardship,” Turner said in an email.  The Hill has reached out to spokespeople for 3M and Corteva, which were also sued by Texas.

Appeals court affirms ExxonMobil’s $14.25 million penalty for Baytown complex violations

The overwhelming court decision to reject ExxonMobil's appeal put an end to a more than decade-long legal effort pushed forward by environmental groups in Texas and California, and Exxon's several attempts to dodge responsibility for the violations.

Energy & Environment The overwhelming court decision to reject ExxonMobil’s appeal put an end to a more than decade-long legal effort pushed forward by environmental groups in Texas and California, and Exxon’s several attempts to dodge responsibility for the violations. ExxonMobil Baytown RefineryThe Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals on Wednesday affirmed a $14.25 million penalty against oil giant ExxonMobil following thousands of environmental violations at a Baytown petrochemical complex. The overwhelming court decision to reject ExxonMobil’s appeal put an end to a more than decade-long legal effort pushed forward by environmental groups in Texas and California, and Exxon’s several attempts to dodge responsibility for the violations. A lawsuit asserting the Baytown complex committed more than 16,000 Clean Air Act violations was filed in 2010 by Sierra Club and Environment Texas. During an eight-year period, the Baytown refinery and chemical plant complex released more than 10 million pounds of pollution exceeding standards, according to a judge’s ruling. Environmental advocates called Wednesday’s ruling a victory in the ongoing litigation. The decision protects people who live in places heavily inundated with industrial pollution like the Houston Ship Channel, Neil Carman, a clean air program director at the Sierra Club, said. “Exxon’s Baytown refinery-chemical complex is the largest polluter on the Houston Ship Channel, impacting the air quality of hundreds of thousands of citizens,” Carman said. The penalty is the largest ever imposed by a court in a citizen-initiated lawsuit to enforce the Clean Air Act, according to Environment Texas. “This ruling affirms a bedrock principle of constitutional law that people who live near pollution-spewing industrial facilities have a personal stake in holding polluters accountable for non-compliance with federal air pollution limits, and therefore have a right to sue to enforce the Clean Air Act as Congress intended,” Josh Kratka, one of the lead attorney on the case said in a statement. In a concurring opinion, seven judges argued they would have gone a step further by reinstating U.S. District Court Judge David Hittner’s decision to impose a $19.95 million penalty. In 2020, a three-judge panel rejected most arguments Exxon made in its appeal of the original $19.95 million fine. The appellate court sent the case back to Hittner to make additional findings, according to Environment Texas. In 2021, Hittner affirmed the environmental groups’ findings of thousands of instances of illegal flaring and pollution releases, imposing the $14.25 million penalty that was affirmed by the court of appeals on Wednesday. Exxon’s 3,400 acre Baytown refinery is located about 25 miles east of downtown Houston, and tens of thousands of people live within a three mile radius of the complex. “Ordinary citizens harmed by industrial pollution should be able to take polluters to court to deter future violations in the way Congress had unequivocally intended citizens to do,” David Nicholas, a lead attorney with Environment Texas and Sierra Club said in a statement. “The Fifth Circuit’s decision has affirmed this principle.”

‘Forever chemical’ found in mineral water from several European countries

Contamination thought to stem from the heavy application of pesticides containing TFA, a type of PFASMineral water from several European nations has been found for the first time to be contaminated with TFA, a type of PFAS “forever chemical” that is a reproductive toxicant accumulating at alarming levels across the globe.The finding is startling because mineral water should be pristine and insulated from manmade chemicals. The contamination is thought to stem from the heavy application of pesticides containing TFA, or compounds that turn into it in the environment, which are used throughout the world. Continue reading...

Mineral water from several European nations has been found for the first time to be contaminated with TFA, a type of PFAS “forever chemical” that is a reproductive toxicant accumulating at alarming levels across the globe.The finding is startling because mineral water should be pristine and insulated from manmade chemicals. The contamination is thought to stem from the heavy application of pesticides containing TFA, or compounds that turn into it in the environment, which are used throughout the world.Pesticide Action Network Europe detected TFA in 10 out of 19 mineral waters, and at levels as much as 32 times above the threshold that should trigger regulatory action in the European Union. The findings underscore the need for “urgent action”, the paper’s authors wrote, and come as authorities there propose new limits for some TFA pesticide products.“This has gone completely under the radar and it’s concerning because we’re drinking TFA,” said Angeliki Lysimachou, a co-author with Pesticide Action Network Europe. “It’s much more widespread than we thought.” She added that researchers do not blame mineral water producers because the issue is not their fault.The finding comes as researchers try to get a handle on TFA pollution globally. Though they long ago established that PFAS pollution is ubiquitous, they have found TFA levels that are orders of magnitude higher than other forever chemicals.Aside from use in pesticides, TFA is a common refrigerant that was intended to be a safe replacement for older greenhouse gases like CFCs, and it is often used in clean energy production. But recent research has also established it as a potent greenhouse gas that can remain in the atmosphere for 1,000 years. About 60% of all PFAS manufactured from 2019 to 2022 were fluorinated gas that turns into TFA.It is an especially difficult chemical due to its high mobility and longevity in the environment. Meanwhile, filtration technology effective at removing other PFAS from water cannot can’t address TFA on an industrial scale.Still, industry is ramping up its use of TFA, or chemicals that turn into it once in the environment, claiming they are a safe, naturally occurring and nontoxic replacement for older PFAS and refrigerants. Mounting evidence from independent researchers has refuted those claims.In pesticides, TFA is likely used as a stabilizer or to otherwise improve efficacy – around 40% of all active ingredients added to pesticides in the US are PFAS.The new paper follows research that found TFA in 93% of more than 600 Belgian water samples, and especially high levels in agricultural regions. Meanwhile, Swiss authorities found it to be ubiquitous in the nation’s groundwater. In the US, all rainwater samples checked in Michigan contained the chemical.Still, the Environmental Protection Agency recently excluded TFA from classification as a PFAS, which subjects it to less scrutiny. Public health groups have said the EPA faces pressure because TFA is a significant moneymaker for chemical producers.The EU commission, meanwhile, is proposing a ban on two common pesticides that contain TFA compounds, and it may soon be classified as a reproductive toxicant.“The first step is to ban the most widespread sources of TFA, the PFAS pesticides,” Pesticide Action Network Europe’s paper states.

Toxic ‘forever chemicals’ taint rural California drinking water, far from known sources

The chemicals have unexpectedly turned up in well water in rural farmland far from known contamination sites, like industrial areas, airports, and military bases. Agricultural communities already face the dangers of heavy metals and nitrates contaminating their tap water. Now researchers worry that PFAS could further harm farmworkers and communities of color disproportionately.

Juana Valle never imagined she’d be scared to drink water from her tap or eat fresh eggs and walnuts when she bought her 5-acre farm in San Juan Bautista, California, three years ago. Escaping city life and growing her own food was a dream come true for the 52-year-old.Then Valle began to suspect water from her well was making her sick.“Even if everything is organic, it doesn’t matter, if the water underground is not clean,” Valle said.This year, researchers found worrisome levels of chemicals called PFAS in her well water. Exposure to PFAS, a group of thousands of compounds, has been linked to health problems including cancer, decreased response to vaccines, and low birth weight, according to a federally funded report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Valle worries that eating food from her farm and drinking the water, found also to contain arsenic, are to blame for health issues she’s experienced recently.The researchers suspect the toxic chemicals could have made their way into Valle’s water through nearby agricultural operations, which may have used PFAS-laced fertilizers made from dried sludge from wastewater treatment plants, or pesticides found to contain the compounds.The chemicals have unexpectedly turned up in well water in rural farmland far from known contamination sites, like industrial areas, airports, and military bases. Agricultural communities already face the dangers of heavy metals and nitrates contaminating their tap water. Now researchers worry that PFAS could further harm farmworkers and communities of color disproportionately. They have called for more testing.“It seems like it’s an even more widespread problem than we realized,” said Clare Pace, a researcher at the University of California-Berkeley who is examining possible exposure from PFAS-contaminated pesticides.Stubborn sludgeConcerns are mounting nationwide about PFAS contamination transferred through the common practice of spreading solid waste from sewage treatment across farm fields. Officials in Maine outlawed spreading “biosolids,” as some sewage byproducts are called, on farms and other land in 2022. A study published in August found higher levels of PFAS in the blood of people in Maine who drank water from wells next to farms where biosolids were spread.Contamination in sewage mostly comes from industrial discharges. But household sludge also contains PFAS because the chemicals are prevalent in personal care products and other commonly used items, said Sarah Alexander, executive director of the Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association.“We found that farms that were spread with sludge in the ’80s are still contaminated today,” Alexander said.The first PFAS, or perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, were invented in the 1940s to prevent stains and sticking in household products. Today, PFAS chemicals are used in anything from cookware to cosmetics to some types of firefighting foam — ending up in landfills and wastewater treatment plants. Known as “forever chemicals” because they don’t break down in the environment, PFAS are so toxic that in water they are measured in parts per trillion, equivalent to one drop in 20 Olympic-size swimming pools. The chemicals accumulate in the human body.On Valle’s farm, her well water has PFAS concentrations eight times as high as the safety threshold the Environmental Protection Agency set this year for the PFAS chemical referred to as PFOS. It’s unclear whether the new drinking water standards, which are in a five-year implementation phase, will be enforced by the incoming Trump administration.Valle’s well is one of 20 sites tested in California’s San Joaquin Valley and Central Coast regions — 10 private domestic wells and 10 public water systems — in the first round of preliminary sampling by UC-Berkeley researchers and the Community Water Center, a clean-water nonprofit. They’re planning community meetings to discuss the findings with residents when the results are finalized. Valle’s results showed 96 parts per trillion of total PFAS in her water, including 32 ppt of PFOS — both considered potentially hazardous amounts.Hailey Shingler, who was part of the team that conducted the water sampling, said the sites’ proximity to farmland suggests agricultural operations could be a contamination source, or that the chemicals have become ubiquitous in the environment.The EPA requires public water systems serving at least 3,300 people to test for 29 types of PFAS. But private wells are unregulated and particularly vulnerable to contamination from groundwater because they tend to be shallower and construction quality varies, Shingler said.A strain on the water supplyCalifornia already faces a drinking water crisis that disproportionately hits farmworkers and communities of color. More than 825,000 people spanning almost 400 water systems across the state don’t have access to clean or reliable drinking water because of contamination from nitrates, heavy metals, and pesticides.California’s Central Valley is one of the nation’s biggest agricultural producers. State data shows the EPA found PFAS contamination above the new safety threshold in public drinking water supplies in some cities there: Fresno, Lathrop, Manteca, and others.Not long after she moved, Valle started feeling sick. Joints in her legs hurt, and there was a burning sensation. Medical tests revealed her blood had high levels of heavy metals, especially arsenic, she said. She plans to get herself tested for PFAS soon, too.“So I stopped eating [or drinking] anything from the farm,” Valle said, “and a week later my numbers went down.”After that, she got a water filter installed for her house, but the system doesn’t remove PFAS, so she and her family continue to drink bottled water, she said.In recent years, the pesticide industry has increased its use of PFAS for both active and “inert” ingredients, said David Andrews, a senior scientist of the Environmental Working Group, who analyzed pesticide ingredient registrations submitted to the EPA over the past decade as part of a recently published study.“PFAS not only endanger agricultural workers and communities,” Andrews said, “but also jeopardize downstream water sources, where pesticide runoff can contaminate drinking supplies.”California’s most concentrated pesticide use is along the Central Coast, where Valle lives, and in the Central Valley, said Pace, whose research found that possible PFAS contamination from pesticides disproportionately affects communities of color.“Our results indicate racial and ethnic disparities in potential PFAS threats to community water systems, thus raising environmental justice concerns,” the paper states.Spotty solutionsSome treatment plants and public water systems have installed filtration systems to catch PFAS, but that can cost millions or even billions of dollars. California Gov. Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, signed laws restricting PFAS in textiles, food packaging, and cosmetics, a move the wastewater treatment industry hopes will address the problem at the source.Yet the state, like the EPA, does not regulate PFAS in the solid waste generated by sewage treatment plants, though it does require monitoring.In the past, biosolids were routinely sent to landfills alongside being spread on land. But in 2016, California lawmakers passed a regulation that requested operators to lower their organic waste disposal by 75% by 2025 to reduce methane emissions. That squeeze pushed facilities to repurpose more of their wastewater treatment byproducts as fertilizer, compost, and soil topper on farm fields, forests, and other sites.Greg Kester, director of renewable resource programs at the California Association of Sanitation Agencies, said there are benefits to using biosolids as fertilizer, including improved soil health, increased crop yields, reduced irrigation needs, and carbon sequestration. “We have to look at the risk of not applying [it on farmland] as well,” he said.Almost two-thirds of the 776,000 dry metric tons of biosolids California used or disposed of last year was spread this way, most of it hauled from wealthy, populated regions like Los Angeles County and the Bay Area to the Central Valley or out of state.When asked if California would consider banning biosolids from agricultural use, Wendy Linck, a senior engineering geologist at California’s State Water Resources Control Board, said: “I don’t think that is in the future.”Average PFAS concentrations found in California’s sampling of biosolids for PFAS collected by wastewater treatment plants are relatively low compared with more industrialized states like Maine, said Rashi Gupta, wastewater practice director at consulting firm Carollo Engineers.Still, according to monitoring done in 2020 and 2022, San Francisco’s two wastewater treatment facilities produced biosolid samples with total PFAS levels of more than 150 parts per billion.Starting in 2019, the water board began testing wells — and finding high levels of PFAS — near known sites of contamination, like airports, landfills, and industry.The agency is now testing roughly 4,000 wells statewide, including those far from known contamination sources — free of charge in disadvantaged communities, according to Dan Newton, assistant deputy director at the state water board’s division of drinking water. The effort will take about two years.Solano County — home to large pastures about an hour northeast of San Francisco — tested soil where biosolids had been applied to its fields, most of which came from the Bay Area. In preliminary results, consultants found PFAS at every location, including places where biosolids had historically not been applied. In recent years, landowners expressed reservations about the county’s biosolids program, and in 2024 no farms participated in the practice, said Trey Strickland, manager of the environmental health services division.“It was probably a ‘not in my backyard’ kind of thing,” Strickland said. “Spread the poop somewhere else, away from us.”Los Angeles County, meanwhile, hauls much of its biosolids to Kern County or out of state. Green Acres, a farm near Bakersfield and owned by the city of Los Angeles, has applied as much as 80,000 dry tons of biosolids annually, fertilizing crops for animal feed like corn and wheat. Concerned about the environmental and health implications, for more than a decade Kern County fought the practice until the legal battle ended in 2017. At the time, Dean Florez, a former state senator, told the Los Angeles Times that “it’s been a David and Goliath battle from Day One.”“We probably won’t know the effects of this for many years,” he added. “We do know one thing: If it was healthy and OK, L.A. would do it in L.A. County.”KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF — the independent source for health policy research, polling, and journalism. This story also ran on San Francisco Chronicle. It can be republished for free.

Chemical Fire at Atlanta-Area Plant Sparks Local Movement Against BioLab

Skin rashes, breathing difficulties and “generational rage” led residents to join a nationwide push against companies accused of endangering health and the environment. The post Chemical Fire at Atlanta-Area Plant Sparks Local Movement Against BioLab appeared first on .

In late September, a massive billow of smoke from a chemical fire spread over metro Atlanta, lingering for weeks and prompting national news coverage. The smoke has cleared, but the anger has not dissipated in Conyers, the city of 20,000 where the fire occurred, and in surrounding areas. (Conyers lies 24 miles east of downtown Atlanta.) Smoke from the blaze left some residents with breathing difficulties, headaches, dizziness and skin rashes in the days that followed, along with a deepening worry about their community’s safety.   The fire was pool-chemical company BioLab’s fourth in the last two decades, a track record that has created what one observer described as “generational rage” among residents. Some are now turning to activism for the first time, joined by Atlanta-area, mostly Black-led community groups. The population of Conyers is nearly two-thirds Black, causing some in the community to argue that the repeated industrial accidents at the BioLab facility are an example of environmental racism. The result: an unusually fast-growing grassroots movement led by residents fed up with a company that they say has jeopardized their health and the environment for decades. They also blame local, state and federal authorities for failing to inform the community about the accident’s cause and impact in a timely or transparent manner. Many residents want to see the BioLab facility, which is one of the largest employers in town, permanently shut down. Short of that, they seek to prevent future accidents. BioLab declined to comment, directing Capital & Main to its website, which asserted the company’s commitment to supporting affected residents. In October, BioLab opened a 24/7 call center and a community assistance center, and it has provided ongoing debris removal services. According to the website, the company’s remediation efforts are being conducted under the oversight of Georgia’s Environmental Protection Division (GEPD). (In response to a query about the community’s concerns, the GEPD referred Capital & Main to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.) The cause of the most recent fire was still under investigation as of Nov. 1, according to the company’s website. The response of the company and environmental regulators to the fire has been cold comfort to residents of Conyers and surrounding areas, who are demanding to know if their health is at risk. Locals have been confused about the accident’s reach and immediate and long-term impacts. Rockdale County, where BioLab is located, lifted shelter-in-place orders in mid-October after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reported that the accident site had been cleaned and levels of chlorine in the community’s air met federal standards. In the days following the fire, Nga Lee (Sally) Ng, professor at the Georgia Tech School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, reported high levels of chlorine and bromine in the air.  Debris was still being cleared from the site of the Sept. 29 BioLab fire in early December. Photo: Jesse Pratt López. Residents also expressed deep frustration over what they say was a disorganized evacuation process and the mixed messages from local authorities about when it was safe to return home. Neke Stroud, a longtime Conyers resident, attempted to follow Rockdale County’s Sept. 29 evacuation orders but got stuck in traffic for hours with her elderly father, ultimately returning home. Local business owner Larry Cox tried to return to his company after Rockdale County lifted its shelter-in-place order on Oct. 17, only to be turned back by police.  Galvanized by the incident, residents of the small city and surrounding counties have gathered more than 11,000 signatures supporting a shut down of BioLab, nearly two-thirds from the Conyers area; a Facebook group called Stand Against BioLab in Rockdale County, Ga has attracted 1,600 members; local farmers are organizing amongst themselves; and residents are connecting with people in other communities affected by industrial disasters, including East Palestine, Ohio, which was exposed to toxic fumes after last year’s Norfolk Southern train wreck. Independent research efforts have also been launched to assess everything from dioxin levels in soil to the fire’s impacts on the health and well-being of people and animals. “I’ve never been in a situation where pretty much everyone on the ground, in the community, was ready to go, as soon as the disaster happened,” said Paul Glaze, spokesperson for Georgia Conservation Voters Education Fund, about the grassroots response. The group is supporting some of the organizing efforts. Glaze said dozens of residents of Conyers and surrounding counties have contacted his organization, complaining of symptoms such as difficulty breathing, skin rashes, dizziness and headaches. Madelyne Reece is one of the locals whose concerns have moved her to act. Reece moved to Conyers in 2020; her home is about five miles from the BioLab facility. She went to the emergency room four days after the chemical fire began because she was having trouble breathing and feeling nauseous. Doctors prescribed steroids. Since then, she’s suffered from a persistent cough. Madelyne Reece at a Dec. 3 community forum in Conyers where residents met to discuss concerns about the recent BioLab fire. The event featured guests from East Palestine, Ohio, the site of a train derailment and chemical spill in early 2023. Photo: Jesse Pratt López. Reece launched the Facebook group advocating for the BioLab facility’s closure in early October as a “place where we could figure out what we need to do and get ourselves heard.” Reece, who works in human resources at an Atlanta golf club, also spoke at a mid-October rally in downtown Conyers. “This is absolutely a first for me,” she said of both efforts. Stroud is also new to activism. Her family has been living in Conyers for nearly a hundred years, but it wasn’t until BioLab sent plumes of smoke wafting over her neighborhood in September that she became the first among her relatives to help organize a protest rally. Stroud’s mother developed colon cancer after the company’s 2004 fire and died in 2014. Her family suspected the cancer was tied to the fire and explored suing BioLab, but Stroud believes that her parents accepted a payment from BioLab and therefore could not sue the company. The company’s website states that “residents and business owners that receive standard financial assistance from the Company will not be asked to release any claims they may have against BioLab or its affiliates arising from the fire.” The company did not respond to a question about whether such terms existed in the past.  The company’s website also notes that as of Nov. 9, a call center set up after the fire had handled more than 15,700 inquiries related to claims, reimbursement requests and other concerns. After the September accident, Stroud said, “I think I’ve had enough.” She began handing out flyers at a local Walmart inviting locals to the Oct. 19 protest rally aimed at shutting down the plant, which has been a presence in the area since 1973. Neke Stroud attends a Dec. 3 community forum in Conyers. Photo: Jesse Pratt López. “Organizing is new to me. But this is personal,” she told Capital & Main. She said the company’s history of environmental contamination has led to “a situation where money outweighs life.” Scott Smith, a Boston-based inventor and businessman, is leading one of the independent research efforts. He has worked with a volunteer team of scientists to test water, soil and debris for different chemicals following environmental disasters across the country since 2006, when his own company’s site was flooded with water contaminated by oil.  Smith has visited East Palestine; Flint, Michigan; and a host of other disaster sites in the last 18 years, around 60 all told. Since the BioLab fire, he’s traveled twice to Conyers, taking dozens of samples to be tested at a Massachusetts lab. He has yet to announce results. Community reaction has not been limited to Conyers residents, as the billows of smoke have traveled with the wind. Ina Braxton runs a small farm in Covington, about 15 miles southeast of Conyers. She was outside on the morning of Sept. 29 when the fire ignited. “Within 30 minutes of the fire,” she said, “my skin started to itch and break out in bumps.” She’s been having difficulty breathing ever since, and wound up deciding to burn her crops — cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers — because she “didn’t want to put produce in the market and have someone getting sick.” Braxton estimates she’s lost more than $35,000 in produce, soil and equipment. She contacted the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a local agricultural extension service for advice — as well as BioLab — but got no response. In the absence of accurate, timely information, she’s decided to organize fellow farmers. “If no one’s looking our way, we have no idea what the summer’s going to look like,” she said, referring to the potential of lingering contamination in soil and water. She and 15 other small-farm owners are seeking help testing for harmful chemicals.  Ina Braxton on her farm in Covington. Photo: Jesse Pratt López. Braxton also said she would like to organize small farms statewide, and gain access to information about industrial polluters, “so when you’re buying farmland, you know if they could cause issues.”  Like all other residents interviewed for this story, Reece wants to see BioLab shut down in her town — but added, “I don’t want to dump this on somebody else.” Instead, she’d like to see laws that address such disasters and “bigger financial penalties when companies are out of compliance.” Rockdale County, where Conyers is located, has sued the company, seeking compensation and to shut the BioLab facility down. County representatives did not respond to repeated queries. Reece said the lawsuit was “a step in the right direction,” adding, “The community taking to the streets moved the needle.”  Communities banding together after industrial accidents like the one at the BioLab facility is not a new phenomenon, said Tracy Perkins, Arizona State University professor and author of a book on environmental activism. These incidents “kick off heightened awareness of the risks people are living under … [and] pull people together quickly when they realize, ‘We all live here, we don’t want this noxious facility,’” she said.  At the same time, Perkins noted that shutting down a plant is “a big lift” for communities affected by pollution — especially when it employs many residents or supports the local tax base, as the BioLab facility does. Communities have found more success organizing to prevent polluters from setting up or expanding in the first place, she said. A banner advertises a local law firm’s services to residents affected by the BioLab fire. Photo: Jesse Pratt López. At a Facebook Live event in October, East Palestine residents recounted cautionary tales about unscrupulous attorneys and explained the intricacies of class-action lawsuits. Many Georgia residents are grappling with tough decisions in the wake of the BioLab fire, including how to find the right lawyer, and whether to file a reimbursement claim with the company or join a lawsuit against it.  Connecting with other communities should be even easier for the nascent Georgia activists in the coming months. In early December, Rockdale County joined the Chemically Impacted Communities Coalition, a group of 35 communities advocating for stronger safety regulations, improved emergency response protocols and increased accountability from corporations and government agencies. The group was founded earlier this year by East Palestine resident Jami Wallace. Meanwhile, Reece said, organizing against the company makes her feel like she has two jobs. The work is “stressful,” but also “gratifying,” she said. “It’s a beautiful thing our community is doing everything it can.” Copyright 2024 Capital & Main

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