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Will CA join the party for America’s 250th birthday?

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Monday, April 8, 2024

Fireworks light up the night sky at Oracle Park after the game between the San Francisco Giants and the Seattle Mariners for the July Fourth celebration on July 3, 2023. Photo by Stan Szeto, Reuters In two more years, America will celebrate the 250th anniversary of its founding and the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Known as the Semiquincentennial, the federal government in 2016 and 40 other states have set up commissions to help commemorate the event. So far, California has not. Not to miss out on festivities, state Sen. Janet Nguyen has a bipartisan bill to establish the California Commission on the United States Semiquincentennial, which the Senate Governmental Organization Committee is expected to hear Tuesday.  This is the Huntington Beach Republican’s third attempt to create the commission. Why does she care so much?In an interview with CalMatters, Nguyen said living in America is “a blessing.” As a Vietnamese refugee who fled a communist country, she said that she may not be alive today if she had stayed in Vietnam after the war — much less become a legislator.  Nguyen: “Our family, we hold our freedom and democracy very dear…. We as Americans should remember who we are today, why we’re the best country and what we do today. It’s because of the Founding Fathers.” The commission would “plan and coordinate commemorations and observances” of the anniversary, using private or federal funds. Its 11 members would include lawmakers, regular Califonians (including three appointed by the governor) and others. Leading the group would be the state archivist. Because the archivist is a state employee, there is some uncertainty surrounding state funding. In a Senate Appropriations Committee analysis last year of a similar bill Nguyen authored, the Secretary of State Office estimated that the commission’s work would cost $1 million each year until 2029 (when the commission would dissolve after tying up loose ends), and would require at least seven supporting staff positions. Money is tight when the state faces a multibillion-dollar shortfall, but Nguyen contends that the commission and the celebration would “purely tap into private or federal funding.” There is also some precedent: In anticipation of the country’s bicentennial in 1976, the Legislature in 1967 established the American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of California. It helped advise local bicentennial observances, lending “assistance and expertise when called upon,” according to the state archives department. For the state’s official Bicentennial parade, California tapped Huntington Beach, which annually holds the largest July Fourth parade west of the Mississippi. And while Nguyen said it’d “be nice” to see the state come together in celebration, it wouldn’t be up to her to decide what the Semiquincentennial in California would entail and she wouldn’t necessarily be on the commission. Nguyen: “My duty is to create the commission and let the commission dream big or dream small.” Ideas festival: CalMatters is hosting its first one, in Sacramento on June 5-6. It will include a discussion on broadband access and a session with Zócalo Public Square on California’s next big idea. Featured speakers include Julián Castro, CEO of the Latino Community Foundation, and Barbara McQuade, a former U.S. attorney and MSNBC legal analyst. Find out more from our engagement team and buy tickets here. Other Stories You Should Know More tenants get rent protection Bay Area tenants from the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases outside the office complex that houses KDF Communities LLC’s office in Newport Beach on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters From CalMatters Capitol reporter Jeanne Kuang: Many landlords providing new low-income housing in California won’t be able to increase the rent on their tenants by more than 10% per year, under a rule imposed this week by a state committee. The cap, passed Wednesday by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee, affects all future developments built with the help of Low Income Housing Tax Credits. California awards the federal and state credits to build about 20,000 new units a year; the program is the primary government funding source for private developers to build affordable housing.  The rule is similar to a 2019 state law for other tenants — restricting annual increases to either 5% plus inflation, or 10%, whichever is lower. The cap doesn’t directly protect those living in the roughly 350,000 existing low-income units statewide financed by the tax credits. But officials expect most property owners to comply anyway because they need the state committee’s approval to sell the properties, or to get new tax credits for renovations. Marina Wiant, the committee’s executive director, said the committee can’t legally impose new rules on developers who have already entered contracts with the government to receive the tax credits.  The cap closes what many tenants have decried as a loophole in state law. CalMatters reported in December that, during a period of record inflation, the lack of a rent cap in affordable housing allowed landlords of some of the state’s poorest tenants, some of them for-profit developers, to hike rents by double-digit percentages in a year. To qualify for such a unit, tenants need to earn less than local average incomes.  But tenants’ advocates aren’t fully satisfied with the rule.  Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal and policy director for the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, said low-income renters should instead be protected from being charged more than a certain share of their individual income, similar to other affordable housing programs. Simon-Weisberg: “It’s a step in the right direction, but it’s not low enough. We need to think about, ‘What can the tenant pay?’” Nine other states already place rent caps on low-income housing, and the Biden administration last week announced a nationwide 10% cap. For more history on California’s rent caps, read the story. Primary results get clearer Lisa Middleton speaks during a Pass Democratic Club meeting at the Four Seasons in Beaumont on March 27, 2024. Photo by Elisa Ferrari for CalMatters More than a month after voting ended in California’s primary, the outcomes for some key races are finally starting to crystallize. Coachella Valley contest: As CalMatters San Diego and Inland Empire issues reporter Deborah Brennan explains, voters in a Coachella Valley state Senate district will be picking between two diverse candidates in November. On the Democratic ticket is Lisa Middleton, a Palm Springs City Council member. As a former mayor of Palm Springs, she boosted police and fire department salaries and expanded the city’s financial reserves. Middleton is also a transgender woman, and if she wins the Senate race, she’d be California’s first transgender state legislator and third in the country.  She is challenging incumbent Sen. Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh of Redlands, who became California’s first Republican Latina state senator after winning election in 2020. During her first term, she has passed about a dozen bills and is revisiting measures to address the fentanyl crisis. Despite the potential to make culture wars the focal point of the race, both candidates have been sticking to bread-and-butter issues such as jobs, infrastructure and public safety. And when they do clash, it has been about renewable energy, reproductive health and parental rights. To learn more about the two pioneering candidates, read Deborah’s story. Vince Fong’s fate: Reading between the lines, it appears that state appeals judges may be more concerned about throwing an ongoing election into chaos than about the potential longer-term chaos of letting candidates run for the Legislature and Congress simultaneously. The courtroom arguments happened Thursday in the appeal by Secretary of State Shirley Weber, who is trying to kick Assemblymember Vince Fong off the ballot in the 20th Congressional District, even though he finished first in the primary and advanced to November to face fellow Republican and Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux. Fong also ran unopposed for his legislative seat. Weber wants a ruling by April 12, when she is supposed to certify the primary results. (Fong and Boudreaux are also in a May 21 runoff to serve the remainder of former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy’s term.) And lastly: Supporting Native American students Carlos Morales and Michelle Villegas-Frazier participate in a sage burning ritual outside of the Native American Academic Student Success Center at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. Photo by José Luis Villegas for CalMatters Since 2021 Indigenous students have been eligible to attend the University of California tuition-free. But Native American students still make up less than 1% of the system’s enrollment. Find out why UCs are struggling to recruit and provide resources for these students from Christopher Buchanan of CalMatters’ College Journalism Network. CalMatters Commentary For Proposition 1 to help reduce homelessness, the state needs to change who gets into mental health treatment beds, writes Alex Barnard, an assistant professor of sociology at New York University. He is also the author of “Conservatorship: Inside California’s System of Coercion and Care for Mental Illness.” CalMatters commentary is now California Voices, with its first issue page focusing on homelessness. Give it a look. Other things worth your time: Some stories may require a subscription to read. CA to pay $2M to Sacramento, Alameda counties in environmental case // The Sacramento Bee CA school cafeterias forced to compete with fast food for workers // AP News Why CA has the nation’s highest unemployment rate // The Sacramento Bee Apple lays off hundreds in first mass job cuts since pandemic // San Francisco Chronicle Wonderful Co. accuses UFW of fraudulent tactics in unionizing workers // Los Angeles Times CA bill goes after ‘hidden’ online food delivery fees // The Sacramento Bee PG&E execs get higher pay during customer rate hikes // East Bay Times CA smog check ring turned pollution into cash, feds say // Los Angeles Times Bill to mandate ‘science of reading’ faces teachers union opposition // EdSource Farmworker who survived Half Moon Bay mass shooting sues company, owner // AP News Bay Area advocates slam Newsom over SCOTUS homeless camp appeal // The Mercury News

In two more years, America will celebrate the 250th anniversary of its founding and the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Known as the Semiquincentennial, the federal government in 2016 and 40 other states have set up commissions to help commemorate the event. So far, California has not. Not to miss out on festivities, state […]

Fireworks light up the night sky at Oracle Park after the game between the San Francisco Giants and the Seattle Mariners for the July 4th celebration on July 3, 2023. Photo by Stan Szeto, Reuters
Fireworks light up the night sky at Oracle Park after the game between the San Francisco Giants and the Seattle Mariners for the July 4th celebration on July 3, 2023. Photo by Stan Szeto, Reuters
Fireworks light up the night sky at Oracle Park after the game between the San Francisco Giants and the Seattle Mariners for the July Fourth celebration on July 3, 2023. Photo by Stan Szeto, Reuters

In two more years, America will celebrate the 250th anniversary of its founding and the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Known as the Semiquincentennial, the federal government in 2016 and 40 other states have set up commissions to help commemorate the event.

So far, California has not.

Not to miss out on festivities, state Sen. Janet Nguyen has a bipartisan bill to establish the California Commission on the United States Semiquincentennial, which the Senate Governmental Organization Committee is expected to hear Tuesday. 

This is the Huntington Beach Republican’s third attempt to create the commission. Why does she care so much?

In an interview with CalMatters, Nguyen said living in America is “a blessing.” As a Vietnamese refugee who fled a communist country, she said that she may not be alive today if she had stayed in Vietnam after the war — much less become a legislator. 

  • Nguyen: “Our family, we hold our freedom and democracy very dear…. We as Americans should remember who we are today, why we’re the best country and what we do today. It’s because of the Founding Fathers.”

The commission would “plan and coordinate commemorations and observances” of the anniversary, using private or federal funds. Its 11 members would include lawmakers, regular Califonians (including three appointed by the governor) and others. Leading the group would be the state archivist.

Because the archivist is a state employee, there is some uncertainty surrounding state funding. In a Senate Appropriations Committee analysis last year of a similar bill Nguyen authored, the Secretary of State Office estimated that the commission’s work would cost $1 million each year until 2029 (when the commission would dissolve after tying up loose ends), and would require at least seven supporting staff positions.

Money is tight when the state faces a multibillion-dollar shortfall, but Nguyen contends that the commission and the celebration would “purely tap into private or federal funding.”

There is also some precedent: In anticipation of the country’s bicentennial in 1976, the Legislature in 1967 established the American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of California. It helped advise local bicentennial observances, lending “assistance and expertise when called upon,” according to the state archives department. For the state’s official Bicentennial parade, California tapped Huntington Beach, which annually holds the largest July Fourth parade west of the Mississippi.

And while Nguyen said it’d “be nice” to see the state come together in celebration, it wouldn’t be up to her to decide what the Semiquincentennial in California would entail and she wouldn’t necessarily be on the commission.

  • Nguyen: “My duty is to create the commission and let the commission dream big or dream small.”

Ideas festival: CalMatters is hosting its first one, in Sacramento on June 5-6. It will include a discussion on broadband access and a session with Zócalo Public Square on California’s next big idea. Featured speakers include Julián Castro, CEO of the Latino Community Foundation, and Barbara McQuade, a former U.S. attorney and MSNBC legal analyst. Find out more from our engagement team and buy tickets here.


Other Stories You Should Know


More tenants get rent protection

Bay Area tenants from the KDF Tenants Association protest housing conditions and rent increases outside the office complex that houses KDF Communities LLC’s office in Newport Beach on Oct. 26, 2023. Photo by Julie A Hotz for CalMatters

From CalMatters Capitol reporter Jeanne Kuang:

Many landlords providing new low-income housing in California won’t be able to increase the rent on their tenants by more than 10% per year, under a rule imposed this week by a state committee.

The cap, passed Wednesday by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee, affects all future developments built with the help of Low Income Housing Tax Credits. California awards the federal and state credits to build about 20,000 new units a year; the program is the primary government funding source for private developers to build affordable housing. 

The rule is similar to a 2019 state law for other tenants — restricting annual increases to either 5% plus inflation, or 10%, whichever is lower.

The cap doesn’t directly protect those living in the roughly 350,000 existing low-income units statewide financed by the tax credits. But officials expect most property owners to comply anyway because they need the state committee’s approval to sell the properties, or to get new tax credits for renovations.

Marina Wiant, the committee’s executive director, said the committee can’t legally impose new rules on developers who have already entered contracts with the government to receive the tax credits. 

The cap closes what many tenants have decried as a loophole in state law. CalMatters reported in December that, during a period of record inflation, the lack of a rent cap in affordable housing allowed landlords of some of the state’s poorest tenants, some of them for-profit developers, to hike rents by double-digit percentages in a year. To qualify for such a unit, tenants need to earn less than local average incomes. 

But tenants’ advocates aren’t fully satisfied with the rule. 

Leah Simon-Weisberg, legal and policy director for the Alliance of Californians for Community Empowerment, said low-income renters should instead be protected from being charged more than a certain share of their individual income, similar to other affordable housing programs.

  • Simon-Weisberg: “It’s a step in the right direction, but it’s not low enough. We need to think about, ‘What can the tenant pay?’”

Nine other states already place rent caps on low-income housing, and the Biden administration last week announced a nationwide 10% cap.

For more history on California’s rent caps, read the story.

Primary results get clearer

Lisa Middleton, councilmember of the Palms Spring City Council, speaks during a Pass Democratic Club meeting at the Four Seasons in Beaumont on March 27, 2024. Photo by Elisa Ferrari for CalMatters
Lisa Middleton speaks during a Pass Democratic Club meeting at the Four Seasons in Beaumont on March 27, 2024. Photo by Elisa Ferrari for CalMatters

More than a month after voting ended in California’s primary, the outcomes for some key races are finally starting to crystallize.

Coachella Valley contest: As CalMatters San Diego and Inland Empire issues reporter Deborah Brennan explains, voters in a Coachella Valley state Senate district will be picking between two diverse candidates in November.

On the Democratic ticket is Lisa Middleton, a Palm Springs City Council member. As a former mayor of Palm Springs, she boosted police and fire department salaries and expanded the city’s financial reserves. Middleton is also a transgender woman, and if she wins the Senate race, she’d be California’s first transgender state legislator and third in the country. 

She is challenging incumbent Sen. Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh of Redlands, who became California’s first Republican Latina state senator after winning election in 2020. During her first term, she has passed about a dozen bills and is revisiting measures to address the fentanyl crisis.

Despite the potential to make culture wars the focal point of the race, both candidates have been sticking to bread-and-butter issues such as jobs, infrastructure and public safety. And when they do clash, it has been about renewable energy, reproductive health and parental rights.

To learn more about the two pioneering candidates, read Deborah’s story.

Vince Fong’s fate: Reading between the lines, it appears that state appeals judges may be more concerned about throwing an ongoing election into chaos than about the potential longer-term chaos of letting candidates run for the Legislature and Congress simultaneously.

The courtroom arguments happened Thursday in the appeal by Secretary of State Shirley Weber, who is trying to kick Assemblymember Vince Fong off the ballot in the 20th Congressional District, even though he finished first in the primary and advanced to November to face fellow Republican and Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux. Fong also ran unopposed for his legislative seat. Weber wants a ruling by April 12, when she is supposed to certify the primary results. (Fong and Boudreaux are also in a May 21 runoff to serve the remainder of former House Speaker Kevin McCarthy’s term.)

And lastly: Supporting Native American students

Carlos Morales and Michelle Villegas-Frazier participate in a sage burning ritual outside of the Native American Academic Student Success Center at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. Photo by José Luis Villegas for CalMatters
Carlos Morales and Michelle Villegas-Frazier participate in a sage burning ritual outside of the Native American Academic Student Success Center at UC Davis on April 1, 2024. Photo by José Luis Villegas for CalMatters

Since 2021 Indigenous students have been eligible to attend the University of California tuition-free. But Native American students still make up less than 1% of the system’s enrollment. Find out why UCs are struggling to recruit and provide resources for these students from Christopher Buchanan of CalMatters’ College Journalism Network.


CalMatters Commentary

For Proposition 1 to help reduce homelessness, the state needs to change who gets into mental health treatment beds, writes Alex Barnard, an assistant professor of sociology at New York University. He is also the author of “Conservatorship: Inside California’s System of Coercion and Care for Mental Illness.”

CalMatters commentary is now California Voices, with its first issue page focusing on homelessness. Give it a look.


Other things worth your time:

Some stories may require a subscription to read.


CA to pay $2M to Sacramento, Alameda counties in environmental case // The Sacramento Bee

CA school cafeterias forced to compete with fast food for workers // AP News

Why CA has the nation’s highest unemployment rate // The Sacramento Bee

Apple lays off hundreds in first mass job cuts since pandemic // San Francisco Chronicle

Wonderful Co. accuses UFW of fraudulent tactics in unionizing workers // Los Angeles Times

CA bill goes after ‘hidden’ online food delivery fees // The Sacramento Bee

PG&E execs get higher pay during customer rate hikes // East Bay Times

CA smog check ring turned pollution into cash, feds say // Los Angeles Times

Bill to mandate ‘science of reading’ faces teachers union opposition // EdSource

Farmworker who survived Half Moon Bay mass shooting sues company, owner // AP News

Bay Area advocates slam Newsom over SCOTUS homeless camp appeal // The Mercury News

Read the full story here.
Photos courtesy of

Nearly 90 percent of EPA furloughed as government shuts down

About 89 percent of the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) workforce is being furloughed as the government shuts down, according to contingency plans that were posted online this week. According to the plan, just 1,734 of the EPA’s 15,166 employees are slated to continue working during the shutdown, which began Wednesday. The plan also gives a window...

About 89 percent of the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) workforce is being furloughed as the government shuts down, according to contingency plans that were posted online this week. According to the plan, just 1,734 of the EPA’s 15,166 employees are slated to continue working during the shutdown, which began Wednesday. The plan also gives a window into the degree of staffing losses at the EPA in recent months, as the agency had 17,080 employees at the start of the year.  During the furlough period, the agency will no longer carry out most civil inspections related to potential violations of environmental law.  It will also no longer conduct most of its research or issue new permits or grants. Some hazardous waste cleanup will be halted if there is no imminent threat to human health and property. The EPA will still continue emergency and disaster assistance, hazardous waste cleanup where there is an “imminent threat to human life" and criminal investigations. The Trump administration’s plan is similar to the most recent contingency plan issued by the Biden administration in September 2024. Under that plan, 1,734 employees out of 16,851 would have been expected to continue working. Under the Biden-era plan, civil inspections, issuance of new grants and permits, research and some hazardous waste cleanup also would have ceased. Marc Boom, a former EPA senior policy adviser during the Biden administration, said during a press call ahead of the shutdown that if one occurs “nobody will be holding polluters accountable for what they dump into the air we breathe and the water that we drink.” But Boom also said the Trump administration is making the problem worse. “Over the past 9 months, the White House and EPA leadership have already been shutting down the agency from within,” he said. “They've clawed back hundreds of community grants, rolled back protections against forever chemicals and pesticides, relaxed enforcement for polluters … and they've shuttered key programs like the Environmental Justice Office, the Office of Atmospheric Protection and now, they're closing down EPA's scientific backbone, the Office of Research and Development.” The EPA has said that its actions are in support of a deregulatory agenda that seeks to boost the U.S. economy.

What is fracking and why is it controversial?

The government says it plans to pass legislation to permanently ban fracking for shale gas in England.

What is fracking and why is it controversial?Esme StallardClimate and science reporter, BBC NewsGetty ImagesThe government says it plans to pass legislation to permanently ban fracking for shale gas in England.A moratorium on the practice was put in place by the last government but the debate has been reopened in recent weeks after the political party Reform committed to backing fracking if it came to power.The Scottish and Welsh governments continue to remain opposed to the practise. What is fracking?Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a technique for recovering gas and oil from shale rock. It involves drilling into the earth and directing a high-pressure mixture of water, sand and chemicals at a rock layer, to release the gas inside.Wells can be drilled vertically or horizontally in order to release the gas.Why is fracking controversial?The injection of fluid at high pressure into the rock can cause earth tremors - small movements in the earth's surface.In 2019, more than 120 tremors were recorded during drilling at a Cuadrilla site in Blackpool.Seismic events of this scale are considered minor and are rarely felt by people, but they are a concern to local residents.Shale gas is also a fossil fuel, and campaigners say allowing fracking could distract energy firms and governments from investing in renewable and green sources of energy.Fracking also uses huge amounts of water, which must be transported to the site at significant environmental cost.What has the government said about fracking?Government policy on fracking has see-sawed over recent years. Former Prime Minister Liz Truss looked to reintroduce the practice, despite local opposition - but this was subsequently reversed by Rishi Sunak who introduced a moratorium.In October 2025, at the Labour Party Conference, Energy Secretary Ed Miliband said the government would move to legislate against fracking, banning the practice permanently. This follows a commitment made by the Labour Party in its manifesto and further commitments by PM Sir Keir Starmer in September that the practice would be "banned for good".But Reform has said it would seek to allow the practice should it be elected, as part of its "war" on renewable developers.In his speech at the conference, Miliband said the practice was: "Dangerous and deeply harmful to our natural environment."The good news is that communities have fought back and won this fight before and will do so again," he added.ReutersAn anti-fracking protester writes messages on a wall in LancashireWhere has fracking taken place in the UK?Fracking for shale gas in the UK has only previously taken place on a small scale, due to the many public and legal challenges.However, exploration has identified large swathes of shale gas across the UK, particularly in northern England.More than 100 exploration and drilling licences were awarded to firms including Third Energy, IGas, Aurora Energy Resources and Ineos.Cuadrilla was the only company given consent to begin fracking.It drilled two wells at a site in Lancashire but faced repeated protests from local people and campaigners.In 2022, the Oil and Gas Authority told Cuadrilla to permanently concrete and abandon the wells.Could fracking lower energy bills?The UK can only meet 48% of its gas demand from domestic supplies (this would be 54% if it did not export any gas).Some MPs have claimed that restarting drilling at Cuadrilla's two existing wells could be done quickly, and would provide significant supplies.Cuadrilla claimed that "just 10%" of the gas from shale deposits in Lancashire and surrounding areas "could supply 50 years' worth of current UK gas demand".Energy experts dispute this, pointing out that the UK's shale gas reserves are held in complex layers of rock.Mike Bradshaw, professor of global energy at Warwick University, says estimates of how much shale gas the UK has are not the same as the amount of gas that could be produced commercially.But Prof Geoffrey Maitland, professor of Energy Engineering at Imperial College London, has said fracking could provide interim relief."Although shale gas will not provide an immediate solution to the energy security of the country, it could be used in the medium term to replace diminishing North Sea gas production and some gas imports," he said.Which other countries use fracking?It is thought that fracking has given energy security to the US and Canada for the next 100 years, and has presented an opportunity to generate electricity at half the CO2 emissions of coal.But the complex geology of the UK and the higher density of people makes extraction more challenging, according to experts.Fracking remains banned in numerous EU countries, including Germany, France and Spain, as well as Australia.Authorities in countries including Brazil and Argentina are split, with some banning the practice, and others allowing operations.

Government shutdown means 90% of EPA staff won't be working

The EPA will pause research work, grants, permits and inspections while the government is shut down. Nearly all staff will stop working. Some may not be rehired.

The shutdown of the U.S. government could have ripple effects for human health and the environment as an already weakened Environmental Protection Agency will see nearly all of its staff furloughed and many of its operations paused. The first shutdown in six years went into effect late Tuesday and requires federal agencies to stop all nonessential work. Most EPA work is considered only partially essential under federal rules. Nearly 90% of EPA staff will be furloughed; only 1,732 of 15,166 employees will report to work, according to the agency’s most recent shutdown contingency plan, issued in September.Immediate environmental hazard work is likely to continue, but longer-term efforts such as research, permitting, writing new rules and pollution enforcement will largely freeze. Experts note that the shutdown comes as the agency already has seen significant cuts as part of the Trump administration’s efforts to restructure the federal government and save taxpayers money. About 4,000 EPA employees, or a quarter of its workforce, have been fired or have taken a buyout this year. “The shutdown has already been happening for months,” said Marc Boom, a former senior policy advisor with the EPA who now serves as senior advisor with the Environmental Protection Network, a bipartisan group of more than 700 former EPA employees based in Washington, D.C.Many activities will halt, including research and the publication of research results, and the issuance of new grants, contracts and permits, according to the agency. Critically, civil enforcement inspections — on-site visits to facilities to check their compliance with environmental regulations — will also cease. Whether cleanup work at hazardous waste areas known as Superfund sites will continue will be decided case by case. At sites where stopping would pose an imminent threat to human life, work will continue, but at others, it will pause, according to the agency.Preparing for, preventing and responding to environmental disasters such as oil spills and chemical releases, known as emergency response readiness operations, will not stop. Freezers, animals, plants and other assets in research labs will continue to be maintained. In a statement to The Times before the shutdown, EPA officials blamed Democrats for the quagmire and said the agency will continue to strive to meet its mission. The impasse came as Democrats demanded healthcare provisions in the budget while Republicans pushed for a short-term budget extension without policy changes.“Congressional Democrats are not only unwilling to vote for a clean funding bill, but their goal is to inflict as much pain on the American people as possible,” the EPA said. “Americans made their voices heard last November; Democrats must respect the will of the people. ... EPA will work to fulfill our statutory obligations, emergency response efforts, and Administration priorities.” But the agency has already lost considerable expertise through its staff cuts and restructuring, which have lessened its ability to respond to both emerging and existing threats, according to Linda Birnbaum, former director of the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences and the National Toxicology Program. “The additional loss of people will essentially take us to a point where EPA will be almost unable to complete its mission,” Birnbaum said in a statement. Since Trump took office in January, the EPA has canceled hundreds of environmental grants; rolled back protections against pesticides, forever chemicals and fossil fuel emissions; issued exemptions for large polluters, eliminated its office of Research and Development and announced plans to repeal the endangerment finding, which affirms that greenhouse gases are harmful to human health and the environment, among other efforts.The furloughs at EPA could become permanent. A recent memo from the federal Office of Management and Budget directed federal agencies to prepare for mass layoffs in the event of a government shutdown, implying people may not be rehired.“If you’ve already cut the staff by 4,000 and more is to come from the shutdown and from further [reductions in force], then there will be even less protections,” said Vicki Arroyo, a former EPA associate administrator for policy who served under both the Biden and Reagan administrations. Arroyo recalled the challenges of maintaining the agency’s core functions during the last federal shutdown six years ago, when she was the only one of about 160 people on her team who remained at work. Duties such as economic analyses, permitting for energy projects such as offshore wind and National Environmental Policy Act reviews were among those to suffer, she said, and could be hit even harder this time around.“When EPA funding and staffing are undercut, it doesn’t just hurt these public servants, it hurts us all,” Arroyo said. “Without a functioning EPA, we can’t trust that the water out of our tap is safe ... and without EPA staff on duty, we can’t rely on EPA to monitor and protect air quality so that children without asthma and others with respiratory conditions are safe from pollution.” She and other experts also feared that less support and oversight from the federal government would result in diminished quality control at the local level, as many federal laws are delegated to states. In California, much will depend on the length of the shutdown, according to H.D. Palmer, spokesman for the California Department of Finance. A shutdown lasting only a few days would probably have minimal effect on the California EPA.Specifically, Palmer said many California environmental programs that were funded under the Biden administration should be able to continue even if there is a brief lapse in appropriations, such as brownfield project grants and the state’s Clean Water State Revolving Fund. However, a protracted shutdown could lead to delays in new project grants or permits being issued.“We’re going to continue to assess it depending on how long this thing goes on,” Palmer said. The EPA is not the only environmental agency that will face challenges. The U.S. Forest Service, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Park Service are also bracing for interruptions under the shutdown in addition to cuts this year.

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