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Massive $4.2B NV Energy Transmission Line Gets Federal Approval

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Tuesday, September 10, 2024

Greenlink West, a costly large-scale transmission line set to run between Las Vegas and Reno, received a final stamp of approval Monday from the Department of Interior.Federal officials were on hand in Las Vegas to announce approval of the transmission line, which will run 350 miles from Las Vegas to Yerington and greatly increase the state’s transmission capacity.An NV Energy project, it could transmit as much as 4,000 megawatts of clean energy, enough to power roughly 4.8 million homes.Construction is expected to begin in early 2025 and the project is planned to be online by May 2027.The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) also published its draft environmental impact statement for the Greenlink North transmission line, the companion project to Greenlink West.Greenlink North is a 210-mile-long, 3,500-foot-wide utility corridor that will stretch along Highway 50 between White Pine, Eureka, Lander, Churchill and Lyon counties across roughly 84,700 acres of BLM land.The two projects will tie into the existing One Nevada Transmission Line, partially owned by NV Energy, creating a continuous triangle loop of high-voltage transmission lines throughout the state.Combined, the lines will provide better service and reliability for customers, Doug Cannon, NV Energy’s president and CEO, said in a press release. “Greenlink West strengthens our transmission system and creates greater access to Nevada’s resource-rich renewable energy zones, which will help the state achieve its de-carbonization goals and move Nevada closer to a future powered by 100 percent renewable energy and reducing its carbon footprint,” he said.Since the projects were first proposed in 2019, their combined price tag has nearly doubled. Their original estimated cost of $2.5 billion has since increased to $4.24 billion.NV Energy estimates the two Greenlink projects will generate $690 million in economic activity and create 4,000 jobs.The cost of the projects will be split between NV Energy’s wholesale transmission customers, including large casinos that don’t get their energy directly from the utility, and customers statewide. Southern Nevada customers are expected to foot about 70 percent of costs while Northern Nevada customers will pay about 30 percent, the Las Vegas Review-Journal previously reported.Project costs are expected to be recovered for more than 70 years.Both Greenlink projects have garnered concern from environmental and citizen groups. The Greenlink North project will be routed through a section of Tule Fossil Springs National Monument in Southern Nevada, as well as through land owned by The Nature Conservancy.Environmental groups have urged the BLM to consider realigning the Greenlink North transmission line along Interstate 80 to the north. As it currently is proposed, it will run within greater sage-grouse habitat management areas and mating grounds.The BLM is currently updating its greater sage-grouse conservation and management plan. The agency manages the largest single share of sage-grouse habitat in the country — nearly 67 million acres. With development, climate change and wildfires across the West, the birds’ populations have dwindled from several million to fewer than 800,000. A local population of greater sage-grouse needs up to 40 square miles of intact landscape to stay healthy.“The cumulative build out of Greenlink North and associated solar projects would represent a fundamental change to the ecology and culture of central Nevada, one of the wildest and least developed places in the United States,” Patrick Donnelly, Great Basin director for the Center for Biological Diversity, said in an email. The threat to the greater sage-grouse is of particular concern, he said, calling the project “one of the most harmful actions the BLM has ever permitted” in regard to the future of the birds.In an attempt to mitigate impacts to the birds, the BLM is requiring NV Energy to install anti-perching deterrents on transmission poles to minimize predation by ravens.The final environmental impact statement for the northern project is expected to be available in March, with a final decision anticipated in July. It is expected to be in service by December 2028.The advancement of the Greenlink projects comes on the heels of the BLM’s recently released Western Solar Plan, which potentially opens millions of acres of public land in Nevada to solar development. Additional renewable projects advanced Also on Monday, the Department of Interior advanced two additional renewable-energy projects in the state.A final decision was issued for the Libra Solar Project in Lyon and Mineral counties. With the ability to generate and store as much as 700 megawatts of energy, the project will be the largest solar-plus battery storage project in Nevada and one of the largest in the United States.The public comment period was also opened for the environmental impact statement for the 300 megawatt Bonanza Solar Project in Clark and Nye counties. The proposed project would include battery storage. Since the start of his presidency, President Joe Biden has approved 41 renewable-energy projects on public lands with the goal of permitting 25 gigawatts by 2025. The federal government is also processing an additional 55 utility-scale renewable-energy project proposals across the West.This story was originally published by The Nevada Independent and distributed through a partnership with The Associated Press.Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See - July 2024

A large-scale transmission line set to run between Las Vegas and Reno has received a final stamp of approval from the Department of Interior

Greenlink West, a costly large-scale transmission line set to run between Las Vegas and Reno, received a final stamp of approval Monday from the Department of Interior.

Federal officials were on hand in Las Vegas to announce approval of the transmission line, which will run 350 miles from Las Vegas to Yerington and greatly increase the state’s transmission capacity.

An NV Energy project, it could transmit as much as 4,000 megawatts of clean energy, enough to power roughly 4.8 million homes.

Construction is expected to begin in early 2025 and the project is planned to be online by May 2027.

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) also published its draft environmental impact statement for the Greenlink North transmission line, the companion project to Greenlink West.

Greenlink North is a 210-mile-long, 3,500-foot-wide utility corridor that will stretch along Highway 50 between White Pine, Eureka, Lander, Churchill and Lyon counties across roughly 84,700 acres of BLM land.

The two projects will tie into the existing One Nevada Transmission Line, partially owned by NV Energy, creating a continuous triangle loop of high-voltage transmission lines throughout the state.

Combined, the lines will provide better service and reliability for customers, Doug Cannon, NV Energy’s president and CEO, said in a press release.

“Greenlink West strengthens our transmission system and creates greater access to Nevada’s resource-rich renewable energy zones, which will help the state achieve its de-carbonization goals and move Nevada closer to a future powered by 100 percent renewable energy and reducing its carbon footprint,” he said.

Since the projects were first proposed in 2019, their combined price tag has nearly doubled. Their original estimated cost of $2.5 billion has since increased to $4.24 billion.

NV Energy estimates the two Greenlink projects will generate $690 million in economic activity and create 4,000 jobs.

The cost of the projects will be split between NV Energy’s wholesale transmission customers, including large casinos that don’t get their energy directly from the utility, and customers statewide. Southern Nevada customers are expected to foot about 70 percent of costs while Northern Nevada customers will pay about 30 percent, the Las Vegas Review-Journal previously reported.

Project costs are expected to be recovered for more than 70 years.

Both Greenlink projects have garnered concern from environmental and citizen groups. The Greenlink North project will be routed through a section of Tule Fossil Springs National Monument in Southern Nevada, as well as through land owned by The Nature Conservancy.

Environmental groups have urged the BLM to consider realigning the Greenlink North transmission line along Interstate 80 to the north. As it currently is proposed, it will run within greater sage-grouse habitat management areas and mating grounds.

The BLM is currently updating its greater sage-grouse conservation and management plan. The agency manages the largest single share of sage-grouse habitat in the country — nearly 67 million acres. With development, climate change and wildfires across the West, the birds’ populations have dwindled from several million to fewer than 800,000. A local population of greater sage-grouse needs up to 40 square miles of intact landscape to stay healthy.

“The cumulative build out of Greenlink North and associated solar projects would represent a fundamental change to the ecology and culture of central Nevada, one of the wildest and least developed places in the United States,” Patrick Donnelly, Great Basin director for the Center for Biological Diversity, said in an email. The threat to the greater sage-grouse is of particular concern, he said, calling the project “one of the most harmful actions the BLM has ever permitted” in regard to the future of the birds.

In an attempt to mitigate impacts to the birds, the BLM is requiring NV Energy to install anti-perching deterrents on transmission poles to minimize predation by ravens.

The final environmental impact statement for the northern project is expected to be available in March, with a final decision anticipated in July. It is expected to be in service by December 2028.

The advancement of the Greenlink projects comes on the heels of the BLM’s recently released Western Solar Plan, which potentially opens millions of acres of public land in Nevada to solar development.

Additional renewable projects advanced

Also on Monday, the Department of Interior advanced two additional renewable-energy projects in the state.

A final decision was issued for the Libra Solar Project in Lyon and Mineral counties. With the ability to generate and store as much as 700 megawatts of energy, the project will be the largest solar-plus battery storage project in Nevada and one of the largest in the United States.

The public comment period was also opened for the environmental impact statement for the 300 megawatt Bonanza Solar Project in Clark and Nye counties. The proposed project would include battery storage.

Since the start of his presidency, President Joe Biden has approved 41 renewable-energy projects on public lands with the goal of permitting 25 gigawatts by 2025. The federal government is also processing an additional 55 utility-scale renewable-energy project proposals across the West.

This story was originally published by The Nevada Independent and distributed through a partnership with The Associated Press.

Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Photos You Should See - July 2024

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Energy Department plans to claw back $13B in green funds

The Energy Department is planning to claw back $13 billion in unspent climate funds, it announced Wednesday. In a press release, the department said that it plans to "return more than $13 billion in unobligated funds initially appropriated to advance the previous Administration’s wasteful Green New Scam agenda." The press release did not specify exactly where the...

The Energy Department is planning to claw back $13 billion in unspent climate funds, it announced Wednesday.  In a press release, the department said that it plans to "return more than $13 billion in unobligated funds initially appropriated to advance the previous Administration’s wasteful Green New Scam agenda." The press release did not specify exactly where the money would have otherwise gone or what it will be used for now, if anything. Spokespeople for the Energy Department did not immediately respond to The Hill's request for additional information. Asked about the money during the New York Times's Climate Forward event on Wednesday, Energy Secretary Chris Wright said the funds "hadn't been assigned to projects yet" but that they were aimed at subsidizing more wind and solar energy, as well as electric vehicles.  The Trump administration has repeatedly sought to curtail spending on renewable energy — and set up barriers that hamper its deployment — while trying to expedite fossil fuels and nuclear power.  The Energy Department has made several attempts to cut climate spending, including previous funding recissions.  The Environmental Protection Agency has separately sought to rescind billions of its own climate spending that was issued under the Biden administration. 

States get a blueprint to speed up heat-pump adoption

States are ramping up efforts to get residents to switch from fossil-fuel-fired heating systems to all-electric heat pumps. Now, they’ve got a big new tool kit to pull from. Last week, the interagency nonprofit Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management, or NESCAUM, released an 80-page action plan laying…

Heat pumps are slowly catching on. In the U.S., the units outsold gas furnaces by their biggest-ever margin last year, but their share of the market is still modest. Citing data from the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute, a trade association, Levin said that in 2021, heat pumps accounted for about 25% of the combined shipments of gas furnaces, heat pumps, and air conditioners, the three largest reported HVAC categories. In 2024, they’d risen to about 32%. “No matter how you look at it, there are still a lot of gas furnaces being sold, there are still a lot of one-way central air-conditioners being sold — all of which could really become heat pumps,” Levin said. Produced in consultation with state agencies, environmental justice organizations, and technical and policy experts, the NESCAUM report lays out a diverse set of more than 50 strategies — both carrots and sticks — covering equity and workforce investments, obligations to reduce carbon, building standards, and utility regulation. A wide range of decision-makers, often in collaboration, can pull these levers — from utility regulators to governor’s offices, state legislatures, and energy, environment, labor, and economic development agencies. Here are six recommendations from the report that stand out. Make heat pumps more accessible to lower-income and renter households. A number of barriers need to be overcome to make heat pumps available to these groups, who often struggle to afford the appliances or lack the autonomy to install them. For example, contractors can’t put heat pumps in homes with hazards like mold, lead, asbestos, and rotten beams, but the process to address these problems can itself cost tens of thousands of dollars. Philadelphia’s Built to Last program coordinates aid to carry out these necessary pre-electrification repairs. On the other side of the country, California is launching a program this fall to install heat pumps in qualifying low- and moderate-income homes — for free. Notably, owners of low-income multifamily buildings can also use the program to upgrade their tenants’ heating systems, but they must agree to keep rent from increasing more than 3% per year for up to 10 years after the project.Set an all-electric standard for new buildings. States have the ability to establish the minimum health, safety, and energy standards that developers must adhere to. New York recently became the first state to require that most new buildings be electric only, making heat pumps the default heating appliances. The rules withstood a legal challenge in July and take effect on Dec. 31.Use building performance standards to encourage heat pumps in existing structures. Such standards require building owners to meet specific annual limits on energy use or carbon emissions and bring them down over time, or face penalties. Several states and cities have already developed these rules. Maryland, for one, stipulates that owners of most edifices 35,000 square feet or greater must report their CO2 emissions starting this year, hit standards by 2030, and fully ditch fossil-fueled appliances by 2040.Leverage emissions rules that improve air quality and protect public health. For example, in 2023, the San Francisco Bay Area air district, home to more than 7 million people, set landmark rules requiring that new residential water and space heaters don’t spew health-harming nitrogen oxides, starting in 2027 and 2029, respectively. Heat pumps fit the bill. Switching to the tech nationwide could avert more than 2,600 premature deaths annually, according to electrification advocacy nonprofit Rewiring America.Push utilities to deliver clean heat.States can require utilities to slash emissions and electrify buildings. For example, in 2021, Colorado adopted a first-in-the-nation clean-heat law doing just that. Lawmakers also mandated that utilities file their implementation plans for approval. In 2024, regulators greenlit a $440 million proposal from Xcel Energy, the state’s largest utility, which included electrifying 200,000 homes with heat pumps by 2030. Maryland is developing a similar standard.Reform electricity rates so that they incentivize zero-emissions heating. Households with heat pumps tend to use more electricity than other customers, which means they pay disproportionately for fixed costs to maintain the grid on their energy bills. Utilities can correct that imbalance with adjusted rates. For example, Massachusetts has required its three major electric utilities to offer discounted winter electricity rates to households with heat pumps. Elizabeth Mahony, commissioner of the state’s Department of Energy Resources, said she expects the new rates to save heat-pump owners on average $540 per year.NESCAUM’s Levin stressed that the report is ​“a menu — not a recipe.” Each state will need to consider its own goals and constraints to pick the approaches that fit it best, she added. Still, ​“I see [heat-pump electricity] rates as one of the areas that’s most promising,” Levin said. Massachusetts’ reforms ​“are really going to change their customer economics to make it more attractive to switch to a heat pump.” When done right, rate design also avoids the need for states to find new funding. ​“You’re not raising costs on anybody, you’re only reducing costs,” Levin said. At a time when households are seeing energy prices rise faster than inflation, the tactic could have widespread political appeal, she noted. NESCAUM plans to check back in with states and report out on their progress each year, Levin said. ​“The cool thing about our work is that we bring states together to learn from one another,” she added. ​“Part of making this transition happen more rapidly is lifting up the things that are really working well.”

New California law could expand energy trading across the West

After years of failed attempts, California lawmakers have cleared the way to create an electricity-trading market that would stretch across the U.S. West. Advocates say that could cut the region’s power costs by billions of dollars and support the growth of renewable energy. But opponents say it may make the state’s…

After years of failed attempts, California lawmakers have cleared the way to create an electricity-trading market that would stretch across the U.S. West. Advocates say that could cut the region’s power costs by billions of dollars and support the growth of renewable energy. But opponents say it may make the state’s climate and clean-energy policies vulnerable to the Trump administration. Those are the fault lines over AB 825, also known as the ​“Pathways Initiative” bill, which was signed into law by Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom on Sept. 19 as part of a major climate-and-energy legislative package. The law will grant the California Independent System Operator (CAISO), which runs the transmission grid and energy markets in most of the state, the authority to collaborate with other states and utilities across the West to create a shared day-ahead energy-trading regime. Passage of this bill won’t create that market overnight — that will take years of negotiations. CAISO’s board wouldn’t even be allowed to vote on creating the market until 2028. But for advocates who’ve been working for more than a decade on plans for a West-wide regional energy market, it’s a momentous advance. ​“We’ve shot the starting gun,” said Brian Turner, a director at clean-energy trade group Advanced Energy United, which was outspoken in support of the legislation. Today, utilities across the Western U.S. trade energy via bilateral arrangements — a clunky and inefficient way to take advantage of cheaper or cleaner power available across an interconnected transmission grid. An integrated day-ahead trading regime could drive major savings for all participants — nearly $1.2 billion per year, according to a 2022 study commissioned by CAISO. That integrated market could create opportunities for solar power from California and the Southwest and wind power from the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Northwest to be shared more efficiently, driving down energy costs and increasing reliability during extreme weather. Lower-cost power more readily deliverable to where it’s needed could also reduce consumers’ monthly utility bills — a welcome prospect at a time of soaring electricity rates. The regional energy market plan is backed by a coalition that includes clean-energy trade groups such as Advanced Energy United and the American Clean Power Association; environmental groups including the Sierra Club, Union of Concerned Scientists, and the Natural Resources Defense Council; business groups including the California Chamber of Commerce and the Clean Energy Buyers Association; and the state’s major utilities. It also has the backing of U.S. senators representing California, Oregon, and Washington, all states with strong clean-energy goals. Assemblymember Cottie Petrie-Norris, a Democrat who authored AB 825, said in a statement following its passage that it ​“will protect California’s energy independence while opening the door to new opportunities to build and share renewable power across the West.” But consumer advocates, including The Utility Reform Network, Consumer Watchdog, and Public Citizen, say the bill as passed fails to protect that energy independence. The Center for Biological Diversity and the Environmental Working Group share their concerns. They fear a new trading market will allow fossil fuel–friendly states like Idaho, Utah, and Wyoming to push costly, dirty coal power into California — and give an opening to the Trump administration to use the federal government’s power over regional energy markets to undermine the state’s clean-energy agenda. What a Western energy market could achieve The arguments for a day-ahead energy-trading market can be boiled down to a simple concept, Turner said — bigger is better. Being able to obtain power from across the region could reduce the amount of generation capacity that individual utilities have to build. And tapping into energy supplies spanning from the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains would allow states undergoing heat waves and winter storms to draw on power from parts of the region that aren’t under the same grid stress, improving resiliency against extreme weather. A Western trading market could also serve as a starting point for even more integrated activity between the dozens of utilities in the region that now plan and build power plants and transmission grids in an uncoordinated way. A 2022 study commissioned by Advanced Energy United found that a regional energy organization could yield $2 billion in annual energy savings, enable up to 4.4 gigawatts of additional clean power, and create hundreds of thousands of permanent jobs. For advocates of a Western market, the chief challenge has been to design a structure that doesn’t give up California’s control over its own energy and climate policies, but allows other states and their utilities a share of decision-making authority over how the market works. Taking a lead on that design work has been the West-Wide Governance Pathways Initiative, a group of utilities, state regulators, and environmental and consumer advocates.

Puerto Rico community builds solar independence as 2025 hurricane season looms

Casa Pueblo's renewable energy network in Adjuntas powers critical infrastructure and saves lives during storms when the national grid fails.

By Kiara Alfonseca | Edited by Patricia GuadalupeIn the small mountainside town of Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, a self-sustaining community is no longer waiting for government officials to offer protection during the hurricane season.Solar panels top houses across the region, powering a school, a fire station, and homes for the elderly. On eight acres of farmland, a local organization roasts and sells coffee beans, houses artisan goods for sale, and hosts ecotourists throughout the year. Casa Pueblo — a group trying to break the region’s reliance on the U.S. — is to thank for the community’s growing energy independence.“We need collective salvation, and that model of dependency upon FEMA and the government is degenerating with time, but climate challenges are increasing the risk of potential consequences,” Arturo Massol-Deyá, the executive director of Casa Pueblo, told palabra.It’s an undeniable fact that haunts many Puerto Ricans as the hurricane season rolls in: The frequency and intensity of major storms are increasing due to climate change, says Jorge E. González-Cruz, a professor of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences at the University at Albany in New York.Casa Pueblo staff, Mennonite Central Committee staff, and Sol de la Montaña staff come together to install solar panels at a family home in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico, May 2024. This partnership hopes to support solar projects that provide energy security to vulnerable island families.Photo courtesy of Casa PuebloThis year’s predictions of above-normal hurricane activity in the Atlantic Basin are a grim reminder of the devastating storms that have left death and destruction in their path in seasons past. Hurricane María, the 2017 storm that led to more than 3,000 deaths in the region, was a wake-up call about the increasing impact of climate change and Puerto Rico’s ability to withstand it. And in the years since, storm after storm has cost millions of dollars in infrastructure damage and more lives lost for residents to reckon with when the clouds depart.The consequences of these storms have been magnified by Puerto Rico’s vulnerable power grid, which completely collapsed during María. Since then, island-wide blackouts have been a regular occurrence, even on days with sunny, clear skies. These power outages threaten lives, putting critical services like health care and emergency response at risk.This, combined with the uncertainty of FEMA funding and disaster relief under a Trump administration that has vowed to dismantle the agency, has Puerto Ricans on edge.Casa Pueblo’s solar energy powers a fire station.Photo courtesy of Casa PuebloGonzález-Cruz, who has spent years studying Puerto Rico’s electrical grid, says he’s seen major improvements in the grid’s reconstruction. However, if presented with another major storm — “God forbid,” he adds, and expects the recent work done to the grid will mitigate only some of the potential damage.It’s unclear whether Puerto Rico’s current infrastructure is ready for the next storm, but residents aren’t waiting around to find out.In Adjuntas, a growing chorus of residents has already found a savior in Casa Pueblo’s solar energy storage in past storms. Their energy storage allowed patients in need to access urgent medical care, like dialysis, during extreme weather events. One firefighter told Massol-Deyá that Casa Pueblo’s energy allowed first responders to receive a call about a woman stuck in the floodwaters in the neighboring city of Ponce. A working radio service or a solar-powered generator during a storm could be the difference between life and death. “We have to keep pushing,” said Massol-Deyá. “We have to do more and keep helping more people, because it’s not happening top down.”The Adjuntas town square surrounded by buildings with solar panels installed by Casa Pueblo.Photo courtesy of Casa PuebloFighting development Casa Pueblo’s success has inspired other communities to take action. On the southwestern side of the island in Cabo Rojo, the Institute for Socio-Ecological Research (ISER Caribe) has been hosting community conversations to establish a micro-grid of its own: “We know the importance of this type of infrastructure that is community-led for communities and managed and operated for communities,” institute co-founder Braulio Quintero tells palabra.“We have to decentralize power — not just electrical power, but the decision-making power.”The mission feels particularly urgent for a community facing massive change. The development of a 2,000-acre luxury resort residential area in Cabo Rojo has sparked protests and criticism about its threat to hundreds of acres of coastal forests and the species in them, the privatization of Puerto Rico’s beaches, and ongoing challenges against gentrification.“There are impacts of coastal development and how it affects coastal ecosystems and marine ecosystems, yet we see a government that is not accepting the realities of climate change and is proposing ineffective measures that will likely put people … in danger,” Quintero said, referring to recently proposed legislation that would allow development closer to the island’s shores.Marcha del Sol, organized by Casa Pueblo and other supporters, demanding energy independence in Adjuntas, 2019.Photo courtesy of Casa PuebloThe climate consequences on populated, highly developed regions are well-researched. Studies have shown that urbanization exacerbates climate impacts like flooding, high winds, erosion, and surface runoff, and intensifies heat.It’s a problem that residents in Santurce, an urban area right outside the capital city of San Juan, know well. It’s why the Coalition for the Restoration of Santurcean Ecosystems (CRES) is restoring the region’s native ecosystems. Their area is one of the most populated in Puerto Rico, slathered in concrete and dotted with hotels. This high level of development puts the region at risk of climate impacts, but research shows that trees and vegetation can act as natural barriers to mitigate these damages.CRES executive director Yvette Núñez Sepúlveda brings thousands of volunteers and students each year to restore natural barriers by planting flora and fauna throughout the coastal city and educating the community about the native plants that can withstand major storms.“It’s already documented how the Caribbean is the first area in the world to receive the drastic change of the climate, and we are also experimenting, as the first to receive this impact, how we can manage and restore, and mitigate all these impacts,” she said.Because of ongoing insecurity surrounding government funding for nonprofits, her team currently relies on donations and helping hands. But much like Casa Pueblo, financial sustainability is the next step toward building self-sufficiency.Part of this natural restoration is about creating gardens and plant nurseries where residents can produce food. Puerto Rico imports up to 90% of its food, and Sepúlveda hopes residents can begin to break the cycle of reliance on outside sources. “We believe in networks, human networks, human ecosystem networks. It’s important for us to have these conversations — and not just in Puerto Rico,” Sepúlveda mentioned. “We are trying to build this kind of network, so we can share stories as Caribbeans and also share with other parts of the world how we can help each other.”If you purchase a product or register for an account through a link on our site, we may receive compensation. 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