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20 stories of Oregonians who inspired us in 2025

From a 16-year-old chess grandmaster to a bus driver who thwarted a hijacking, these Oregonians made remarkable impacts in their communities this year.

Among the accomplishments of elementary and high school students, business owners, professional athletes and artists, The Oregonian/OregonLive journalists had no shortage of inspirational stories to tell in 2025. This year, we celebrated remarkable Oregonians such as Rosie Lanenga, Oregon’s Kid Governor, who championed climate change awareness, and Manny Chavez, who courageously addressed the impact of immigration enforcement on his community. We also highlighted the philanthropic efforts of athletes such as Blake Wesley, who exemplified compassion through his outreach, and artists like Aaron Nigel Smith, who brought history to life with his folk opera. These stories reflect the resilience and creativity that define Oregon, reminding us all of the potential for positive change in our communities. Here are some of the Oregonians who inspired us to be kinder, braver, determined and selfless in 2025. Woman Grandmaster Zoey Tang at the Portland Chess Club.Samantha Swindler/ The OregonianZoey TangAt just 16 years old, Zoey Tang made history as Oregon’s first woman grandmaster in chess, a prestigious title awarded by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE). During her junior year at Westview High School in Beaverton, Tang’s achievement was remarkable in a field where only about 500 players worldwide hold the woman grandmaster title, out of approximately 350,000 active FIDE-rated players, Samantha Swindler reported in January. Tang, who held a rating of 2306 and was a FIDE Master in January, aims to achieve the open grandmaster title within the next four years. She is also the Oregon state champion, competing successfully against players of all genders and ages. Beyond her competitive success, Tang founded Puddletown Chess, a nonprofit aimed at increasing participation among young players, particularly women and those from underrepresented backgrounds. Her journey reflects a commitment to not only excel in chess but also to foster a more inclusive community in the game.2025 Kid Governor Rosie Lanenga poses for a photo at the Oregon Capitol on Thursday, January 16, 2025, in Salem.Vickie Connor/The OregonianRosie LanengaOregon’s 2025 Kid Governor, Rosie Lanenga, made climate change her top priority this year when she stepped into her role. Elected by her peers from across the state as a fifth-grader last school year, the student from Portland’s Riverdale Grade School was sworn in at the Oregon State Capitol alongside her cabinet members in January, Samantha Swindler reported. Lanenga emphasized the importance of addressing climate change, stating, “I want Oregon to stay as beautiful as it is right now, and climate change is affecting that.”As part of her campaign, Lanenga introduced her A.C.T. plan, which encourages individuals to take action at home, hold discussions about reducing carbon footprints and share knowledge with others. With aspirations of becoming a lawyer and a passion for politics, Lanenga engaged with state leaders throughout her yearlong term. Her commitment to environmental advocacy highlights the potential of young leaders to influence positive change in their communities.Mike Perrault, a TriMet bus driver, faced an armed man on his bus in January of this year.SubmittedMike PerraultTriMet bus driver Mike Perrault displayed extraordinary bravery during a harrowing 12-minute hijacking of his Line 4 bus in Portland on Jan. 29. With nearly a decade of experience, Perrault faced an armed man who forced him to drive through the streets of Old Town. Despite the life-threatening situation, he remained calm and focused on de-escalating the tension, assuring the hijacker that he would be safe on the bus.“I told him that while he was on my bus, he’d be safe. He could give me the gun or he could put it down, but while he was on the bus, I wouldn’t let anything happen to him,” Perrault told reporter Zane Sparling.Perrault successfully persuaded the gunman to surrender his weapon, allowing Perrault to toss it out the window and escape the bus unharmed. Perrault’s quick thinking and composure under pressure garnered widespread praise, highlighting the resilience and dedication of public transit workers in the face of danger. Anthony and Marlie Love on their trip to Coos Bay. Photo courtesy of Traveling While Black.Traveling While BlackAnthony and Marlie LoveAnthony and Marlie Love, a Seattle-based couple originally from Missouri, are making waves in the travel community as advocates for Black travelers in the Pacific Northwest. Through their YouTube channel, “Traveling While Black,” they provide essential resources and insights, including a unique Black comfortability rating system for various destinations. Earlier this year, the Loves appeared on the Peak Northwest podcast in February to discuss their Oregon coast trip, where they highlighted local Black history and the importance of safe travel experiences. Although they are from Washington, their mission extends beyond state lines, aiming to foster inclusivity and understanding in travel. With over 170 episodes under their belt, the Loves are inspiring a new generation of travelers to explore the region while acknowledging its historical context and promoting a welcoming environment for all.Jenn LockwoodJenn Lockwood, training supervisor at the Mt. Hood Meadows Learning Center, is the face of Mt. Hood Meadows’ She Shreds program, which empowers women in the skiing and snowboarding communities. Featured on a March episode of Peak Northwest, Lockwood discussed how the program offers both camps and clinics designed to create a supportive environment for women to learn and develop their snowsport skills together.The She Shreds initiative encourages participants to leave their egos behind, fostering a sense of camaraderie and community among skiers and snowboarders. Many women who join the program go on to form lasting connections, continuing to shred together long after the clinics conclude. Lockwood’s insights highlight the transformative power of community and empowerment in sports, making She Shreds a vital resource for aspiring female skiers and snowboarders.Sprague High's constitution team team of two, Matthew Meyers, in red sweater, and Colin Williams, in black shirt, hold hands with each other and members of the Lincoln High School constitution team while they wait to find out if both teams made it into the final rounds of the national civics education competition We the People.Courtesy of the Lincoln High constitution team​​Matthew Meyers and Colin WilliamsA two-student civics team from Salem’s Sprague High School, with no history of national wins and far fewer resources than their competitors, delivered one of Oregon’s most improbable academic victories this year, Julia Silverman reported in April. Seniors Matthew Meyers and Colin Williams stunned judges and peers alike at the national We the People Constitution competition, mastering the same exhaustive constitutional law, history and casework typically divided among teams of 20 to 30 students. Working largely on their own — supported by their social studies teacher and fueled by marathon research sessions — the pair advanced from regionals to state, then shocked the field by reaching the national finals. They initially emerged as sole national champions before a scoring correction elevated Portland’s powerhouse Lincoln High School into a shared title. The result: an unexpected, “can’t-make-this-up” co-championship that returned the trophy to Oregon.In Venezuela, Nava Ulacio planned to be a civil engineer. Moving to the United States allowed her the opportunity to pursue her music dreams.Allison Barr/The OregonianSofia Nava UlacioSofia Nava Ulacio, a 21-year-old Venezuelan immigrant, graduated from Portland Community College with a perfect 4.0 GPA and a full scholarship to Lewis & Clark College, Eddy Binford-Ross reported in June. In 2022, Nava Ulacio arrived in Oregon unable to speak English, having fled political unrest in Venezuela. To overcome language barriers, she immersed herself in school activities, using Google Translate for her coursework and joining the jazz band, theater and choir. At PCC, she excelled in her music studies, founded a choir club, and now teaches music at Backbeat Music Academy. Nava Ulacio leads the Sofi Nava Trio, performing Latin and contemporary music. She aims to inspire other female Latin musicians and views her music as a connection to her roots, honoring her family’s sacrifices and her cultural heritage.Jamie Breunig leads a one-woman community paramedic program in Clackamas County focused on providing medical care to people living outside.Beth NakamuraJamie BreunigAs Clackamas County’s sole community paramedic, Jamie Breunig delivers medical care, treating patients where they live, even if that means beside a tent or in a motel room. Since the county launched its community paramedic program in October, Breunig has provided medical care or case management to more than 110 unhoused residents, aiming to improve health outcomes while reducing costly 9-1-1 calls, ambulance transports and emergency room visits.Funded by the regional homeless services tax, the $200,000 program reflects a growing recognition that unsheltered people cannot be ignored and that emergency rooms are often the wrong place for basic care, reported Lillian Mongeau Hughes in June. A veteran paramedic and former foster youth, Breunig builds trust with patients who are often deeply distrustful of institutions, helping manage chronic illness, prevent medical crises and, at times, reconnect people to housing, family and hope.Instructors Anna Schneider and Karen Ceballos demonstrate moves for attendees to follow.Allison Barr/The OregonianQueer Baile leadersThroughout the year, the leaders of Queer Baile broke gender norms and fostered community through free Latin dance lessons. Founded by Lydia Greene in 2019, Queer Baile offers inclusive, nongendered classes that celebrate the joy of dance while creating a welcoming space for all. “The space feels way less intimidating than a lot of dance scenes can feel,” Karen Ceballos, a bachata instructor, told me in June.With a focus on cumbia and bachata, the group has seen attendance soar, transforming from a small gathering at a local bar to a vibrant community event at the White Owl Social Club. Volunteer instructors, including Sarah Arias and Kylie Davis, emphasize the importance of consent-based dancing, allowing anyone to lead or follow, regardless of gender.Oregon Representative Thủy Trần has created a new play, “Belonging: A Memoir,” based on the events of her life. Jamie Hale/The OregonianThủy TrầnIn August, state Rep. Thủy Trần shared her journey as a Vietnamese refugee in a one-night theatrical performance titled “Belonging: A Memoir,” which marked the 50th anniversary of the fall of Saigon. The show at the Winningstad Theatre recounted Trần’s escape from Vietnam at age 9 and her path to becoming an Oregon legislator. Co-created with actor Libby Cozza, the production featured a nearly all-Vietnamese cast and three actresses portraying Trần at different life stages. Funded by a $10,000 grant, the project aimed to benefit local organizations, including Portland Public Schools’ Vietnamese Dual Language program, Megan Robertson reported in July. Trần described the experience as a challenge to be vulnerable and authentic, showcasing her remarkable journey from refugee to state representative.Tim Cook, the president of Clackamas Community College, poses at Portland Community College's Sylvania campus on Aug. 1, 2025. He ran more than 1,400 miles around Oregon to raise money for students' basic needs.Allison Barr/The OregonianTim CookClackamas Community College President Tim Cook achieved an extraordinary feat by running 1,400 miles across the state, raising over $127,000 to support students facing basic needs. On this 52-day journey, Cook visited all 17 of Oregon’s community colleges while highlighting food insecurity and homelessness among students, wrote reporter Maddie Khaw in August.Running roughly a marathon each day and wearing through six pairs of shoes, Cook’s determination shone through. He said witnessing students living in cars and struggling to access food sparked the fundraising campaign to provide essential resources to help students stay in school. Cook’s journey not only raised over $177,000 for community college student basic needs but also drew attention to the urgent need for systemic solutions to support students in crisis across Oregon.Marcus Lattimore poses for a photo on the steps outside the Portland Playhouse, a performing arts theater in Northeast Portland. Sean Meagher/The OregonianMarcus LattimoreMarcus Lattimore, a former football star and standout running back at the University of South Carolina, has reinvented himself as a poet in Portland, finding new purpose and identity through spoken word. After a knee injury cut his football career short, Lattimore turned to poetry as a means of expression, exploring complex themes of race, culture and personal growth.Now performing at open mic nights and engaging with the local theater community, Lattimore is making waves in Portland’s arts scene. He has since published a book of verse and continues to expand his work through teaching and performance, marking a significant shift from the career that once defined him, Bill Oram reported in September.Shantae Johnson and Arthur Shavers announce the official reopening of Multnomah County's CROPS farm Wednesday, Aug. 27, 2025.Austin De Dios / The OregonianShantae Johnson and Arthur ShaversShantae Johnson and Arthur Shavers, a Portland couple with deep roots in the Black farming community, have transformed Multnomah County’s CROPS Farm into a vital food hub for East Portland, wrote Austin De Dios in September. Their journey began with a small garden at their condo, which ignited their passion for horticulture and led them to leave their careers to pursue farming full-time. Officially reopened on Aug. 27 after five years of development, the 3-acre farm now distributes fresh produce to around 200 families weekly and offers training and support for Black, Indigenous and people of color who are farmers. With a commitment to community, Johnson and Shavers aim to expand their services and create a local food hub in Gresham, where they recently acquired a 5-acre property. Oregon Army National Guard Physician Assistant Maj. Tommy Vu looks up during his world record attempt for most chest-to-ground push-ups at West Coast Strength gym in West Salem on Saturday, Sept. 20, 2025.U.S. Army National Guard photo by Maj. W. Chris ClyneTommy VuMajor Tommy Vu of the Oregon Army National Guard set a remarkable new world record for the most chest-to-ground pushups in September, completing an impressive 1,721 repetitions in one hour at West Coast Strength gym in West Salem. Vu’s achievement, which surpasses the previous record of 1,530 pushups, marks his sixth world record, Sean Meagher reported.The 38-year-old Vu maintained a steady pace using a metronome set to 2.1 seconds per repetition during the grueling hour. Vu donated $1 to the Oregon Humane Society for every pushup completed, totaling $1,721, in memory of his in-law’s beloved dog. Looking ahead, Vu is already preparing to reclaim the chest-to-ground burpee record, previously held by him."York the Explorer‘s" book and music were composed by Grammy-nominated producer Aaron Nigel Smith.Image courtesy of The ReserAaron Nigel SmithAaron Nigel Smith, a Portland-based composer and producer, made waves through his folk opera, “York the Explorer.” The show premiered in late October as part of the inaugural York Fest, honoring the legacy of York, the only Black member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Smith was inspired to create the opera after a bust of York in Mount Tabor Park sparked renewed interest in his remarkable story, which has often been overlooked in history.“It’s just a story of hope, perseverance and courage,” Smith told me in September. “I think not only Black and brown people around the world, but all people can really benefit and learn and grow from knowing this story.”With a commitment to amplifying York’s contributions, Smith has dedicated two years to researching and composing this significant work. The opera not only aims to educate audiences about York’s historical impact but also serves as a platform for fostering community engagement and awareness of Black history in Oregon. Through his artistic vision, Smith is helping to ensure that York’s legacy is celebrated and remembered for generations to come.Mary E. Brunkow poses for a portrait after winning a Nobel Prize in medicine for part of her work on peripheral immune tolerance, in Seattle, Monday, Oct. 6, 2025. (AP Photo/Lindsey Wasson)APMary E. BrunkowMary E. Brunkow, a molecular biologist and graduate of St. Mary’s Academy in Portland, in October was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for her groundbreaking research on peripheral immune tolerance. This prestigious award recognizes her significant contributions to understanding how the immune system distinguishes between harmful pathogens and the body’s own cells, a discovery crucial for developing treatments for autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 diabetes and lupus. Brunkow, now a senior program manager at the Institute for Systems Biology in Seattle, shares this honor with fellow researchers Fred Ramsdell and Dr. Shimon Sakaguchi. Their collaborative work has unveiled critical pathways that regulate immune responses. Emily Purry surfing in Costa Rice during a Surf Bikini Retreat. Photo courtesy of Emily Purry and Surf Bikini Retreat.Surf Bikini RetreatEmily PurryEmily Purry, a blind surfer from Oregon, entered the world of adaptive surfing at the age of 40, transforming her life and advocating for inclusivity in outdoor sports. After being encouraged to compete, Purry quickly made waves, earning a spot on Team USA Para Surfing just weeks after her first competition in Japan. Despite the challenges of navigating international travel alone and adapting to her sight loss from Stargardt’s macular degeneration, Purry’s resilience shines through. Surfing has not only restored her confidence but also helped her reconnect with her identity, she told Peak Northwest podcast listeners in November, when she discussed her participation in the ISA World Competition in Oceanside, California. Emmanuel ‘Manny’ Chavez, a teenager from Hillsboro, offers an emotional testimony on the toll of immigration enforcement at a city council meeting on November 4, 2025.The OregonianEmmanuel ChavezEmmanuel “Manny” Chavez, a 16-year-old from Hillsboro, captured national attention with his November testimony about the impact of immigration enforcement on his family and community. Speaking at a Hillsboro City Council meeting, Chavez expressed his fears for his parents’ safety amid escalating ICE detentions, stating, “I shouldn’t be scared. I should be focusing on school.” His heartfelt remarks resonated with many, leading to over 3.4 million views after a local newspaper shared the video on social media.Chavez, a junior at Hillsboro High School, was inspired to speak out after witnessing the detention of friends’ family members, wrote Gosia Wozniacka in November. In the wake of a sharp increase in ICE arrests in Oregon, he has taken action by launching an online fundraiser to support families affected by these enforcement actions, raising over $8,000 in just two days. Community members and leaders have praised his courage, with his soccer coach highlighting his admirable leadership and solidarity.The 15th annual Tatas for Toys raised over $60,000 for Doernbecher Children’s Hospital.Allison Barr/The OregonianTatas for Toys performersIn December, exotic dancers and burlesque performers in Portland became unlikely champions for children in need through the annual Tatas for Toys fundraiser. Over the past 14 years, the event has raised $183,000 worth of toys for Doernbecher Children’s Hospital, Samantha Swindler reported in December. The 15th annual event added another $60,000 to that total. Founded by Aaron Ross, the event evolved from a small toy drive at Dante’s nightclub into a theatrical extravaganza featuring dance, magic, and live auctions. The performers not only entertained but also actively engaged the audience, encouraging donations to support the hospital’s Child Life Therapy Program, which helps children cope with hospitalization through play and creative activities. Portland Trail Blazers guard Blake Wesley poses for photos during the NBA basketball team's media day in Portland, Ore., Monday, Sept. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Craig Mitchelldyer)APBlake WesleyBlake Wesley, a player for the Portland Trail Blazers, displayed his commitment to philanthropy during a recent Christmas Eve encounter with a homeless man named Dave. After finding his favorite sneaker store closed, Wesley spontaneously invited Dave to share a meal, treating him to gyros and donuts from Voodoo Doughnut, wrote Joe Freeman in December. Wesley said the encounter reflected his deep-rooted belief in helping those in need, a value instilled in him by his parents.Wesley is not only known for his generosity on the streets but also through his nonprofit, The Wesley Legacy Foundation. The foundation focuses on empowering youth and their families, offering free basketball camps and community support initiatives. Recently, it hosted the “Warm a Heart for the Holidays” event in South Bend, where hundreds of children received new coats. Faith and cultural connectionsThe Oregonian/OregonLive receives support from the M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust to bring readers stories on religion, faith and cultural connections in Oregon. The Oregonian/OregonLive is solely responsible for all content.

It’s easy to feel powerless about climate chaos. Here’s what gives me hope

I’ve spent six years writing about environmental justice. The uncomfortable truth is that we’re not all in it together – but people power is reshaping the fightIt’s been another year of climate chaos and inadequate political action. And it’s hard not to feel despondent and powerless.I joined the Guardian full time in 2019, as the paper’s first environmental justice correspondent, and have reported from across the US and the region over the past six years. It’s been painful to see so many families – and entire communities – devastated by fires, floods, extreme heat, sea level rise and food shortages. But what’s given me hope during these six years of reporting as both an environmental and climate justice reporter are the people fighting to save our planet from catastrophe – in their communities, on the streets and in courtrooms across the world. Continue reading...

It’s been another year of climate chaos and inadequate political action. And it’s hard not to feel despondent and powerless.I joined the Guardian full time in 2019, as the paper’s first environmental justice correspondent, and have reported from across the US and the region over the past six years. It’s been painful to see so many families – and entire communities – devastated by fires, floods, extreme heat, sea level rise and food shortages. But what’s given me hope during these six years of reporting as both an environmental and climate justice reporter are the people fighting to save our planet from catastrophe – in their communities, on the streets and in courtrooms across the world.I have always tried to use a justice and equity lens in my journalism on the causes, impacts and solutions relating to the climate crisis. For me, that has meant telling the stories of people who are often ignored or sidelined despite their lived experience and expertise – especially Indigenous people, protesters, activists and local communities fighting back. I have also tried to examine how the climate crisis intersects with – and often exacerbates – other forms of inequity, such as economic inequality, racism, misogyny, land struggles and unequal access to housing and healthcare. The uncomfortable truth is that we are not all in this together. We didn’t all contribute to the climate crisis equally, we’re not all feeling its impacts equally and we don’t all have equal access to resources that might help us cope with or even solve it.In my final piece for the Guardian, I salute the grassroots organizers, scientists, health workers, Indigenous peoples, students and youth activists, peasant farmers, human rights experts and journalists taking on governments and corporations. The climate justice movement scored major victories in 2025, and it has shown us that ordinary people power can – and is – dismantling the status quo.People power is reshaping the climate fight“While the majority of states and businesses try to continue doing business as usual, we’re starting to see cracks in that inertia as the power of the people has helped to give light to what is not working – and identify the actual actions that we need,” said Astrid Puentes Riaño, the UN special rapporteur on the human right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.Despite the UN climate negotiations in Belém failing to agree, yet again, to phase out fossil fuels, Cop30 did establish the first-ever just transition mechanism (JTM), a plan to ensure that the move to a green-energy economy is fair and inclusive and protects the rights of all people, including workers, frontline communities, women and Indigenous people.Activists perform the death of fossil fuels at Cop30 in Belém, Brazil, on 15 November. Photograph: Pablo Porciúncula/AFP/Getty ImagesWhile far from perfect, the JTM was agreed only after years of civil society organising, including impossible-to-ignore protests during Cop30. The mechanism represents an important step in putting people at the centre of climate policy after decades of technocratic fixes, according to Puentes.There were also encouraging signs that a growing number of states – from the global south and north – have had enough of the inertia and obstructionism blocking meaningful action, and are prepared to stand with affected communities and go their own way.Colombia and the Netherlands, backed by 22 nations, will independently develop a roadmap to fossil fuel phaseout, beginning with a conference in April 2026 in the coal port city of Santa Marta, Colombia. The plan is for states, cities, affected communities and health, science, human rights and other experts to share experiences and best practices, and implement policy ideas outside the snail-paced, consensus-based Cop process.This parallel fossil-fuel roadmap initiative could establish regional solutions and a trading bloc with the power to sanction nations – and financial institutions – that continue to support fossil fuels.Elisa Morgera, the UN special rapporteur on climate change and human rights, said the new alliance could be the gamechanger. “We now have a sizeable group of states from all regions who want to engage in good faith and make progress on phasing out fossil fuels and cannot wait any longer for the Cop process,” she said.“It is so important for people around the world to see that there is political will and political power to advance this, and to see what it looks like, as there is a big gap in imagination. We’ve been so bombarded by climate disinformation from fossil fuel companies that it is hard to imagine what our life would be like without them, but there are examples of cities, towns and communities doing it.”An Indigenous group blocks an entrance to Cop30, on 14 November in Belém. Photograph: André Penner/APBoth Colombia and the Netherlands were pushed hard by ordinary people to do the right thing.In 2023, Colombia, a major fossil fuel producer with fierce, well-organized climate and social justice movements, signed on to the fossil fuel non-proliferation treaty that now includes 18 countries, 140 cities and subnational governments, the World Health Organization, more than 4,000 civil society organisations and more than 3,000 scientists and academics.It was this civil society-led initiative that first created a blueprint to halt new fossil fuel projects and manage an equitable phaseout of coal, oil and gas.“Many political leaders are captured by fossil fuel interests or lack the courage to challenge them, while developing countries are held back by the rich world’s failure to deliver finance and technology anywhere near a fair share,” said Harjeet Singh, a veteran climate activist and strategic adviser to the non-proliferation treaty. “That’s why movements are indispensable watchdogs – naming the polluters, exposing greenwashing and demanding the funds, timelines and protections workers and communities need to transition with rights and dignity.”And change can be contagious. After mounting protests and litigation by Indigenous communities and environmental groups over Brazil’s expansion of oil and gas projects in the Amazon, Cop30 president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva announced the first step toward a national fossil fuel phaseout roadmap. Still, head-spinning contradictory policies are all too common among states lauded as climate leaders – and Brazil also recently passed the so-called “devastation bill”, which critics warn will accelerate deforestation in the Amazon.Courts are becoming a frontline for climate justiceFailure to transition away from fossil fuels is a violation of international law, according to an international court of justice (ICJ) ruling in July 2025, alongside multiple other international courts and tribunals.The ICJ advisory opinion, which was initiated by Pacific Island law students, confirmed what communities had argued in courts around the world for a decade. Governments have a whole host of legal duties arising as a result of the climate crisis, including phasing out fossil fuels and regulating polluting corporations.The landmark ruling by the highest court in the world can be traced back to a 2015 lawsuit when the Netherlands became the first state ordered to take stronger climate action, in a case brought by 900 Dutch citizens and the Urgenda Foundation, an environmental group.Solomon Islands youth climate activist Cynthia Houniuhi speaks during public hearings of the UN’s international court of justice (ICJ) on defining countries’ legal obligations to fight climate change, in the Hague, Netherlands, in 2024. Photograph: Piroschka Van De Wouw/Reuters“In just 10 years, climate litigation has evolved from a handful of complaints before domestic courts to a global accountability system recognised by the highest international courts and tribunals,” said Dennis Van Berkel, legal counsel at the Urgenda Foundation, in a recent report by the Climate Litigation Network. “That transformation was built case by case, country by country. Some judgments failed, but each contributed – refining arguments, strengthening alliances, raising public awareness and laying the groundwork for those that followed.”A recent judgment in South Africa halted a major internationally funded offshore gas and oil project opposed by coastal communities and environmental groups. The government has paused all other new oil and gas proposals, pending an appeal.“Access to justice and litigation is the most peaceful way to advance and help states and businesses to correct mistakes, make the right decision and advance climate action. It’s not that litigation solves everything, but it’s a very important piece in order to advance the systemic changes that we need,” Puentes of the UN said.Indigenous knowledge points the way forwardFor thousands of years, Indigenous peoples have lived in respectful harmony with the planet – using, not exploiting, natural resources from our forests, seas, rivers and land. In addition to this vast ancient knowledge, we have 21st-century tools and technologies, and innovative grassroots and regional solutions that together should be the heart of global efforts to tackle the climate crisis.Next year, like every year, it will fall on ordinary people to harness their immense power through the courts, protests, multilateral spaces and the ballot box to ensure climate-impacted communities and human rights become the centre of negotiations and climate action.“If we wait for Cop31 to save us, we have already surrendered,” said Raj Patel, a research professor at the University of Texas and author of Stuffed and Starved: The Hidden Battle for the World Food System.“The test is not whether diplomats can craft better language in Antalya [in Turkey] next year, but whether farmers’ movements, Indigenous movements and climate movements can generate enough political pressure to make governments fear inaction more than they fear confronting corporate power.”

A polycrisis has shattered our world this year. But with care, we can put it back together | Elif Shafak

The challenges and strains have been almost too much to take. But in 2025, words of depth and courage have been an antidote to numbnessI once saw a young glassblower in Istanbul, still new to his craft, shatter a beautiful vase while taking it out of the furnace. The artisan master standing by his side calmly nodded and said something that I still think about. He told him: “You put too much pressure on it, you kept it unbalanced and you forgot that it, too, has a heart.”The year we are leaving behind has been plagued from the start by a series of social, economic, environmental, technological and institutional challenges, all happening with such speed and intensity that we are yet to fully comprehend their impact on our lives, let alone on future generations. As the overwhelming strain of domestic and geopolitical changes continues to build up, I cannot help but remember the man’s words. Too much pressure. Unstable, uncertain and replete with deep inequalities. This could well be the year we forgot that the Earth, too, has a heart. It definitely feels like the year when the world was broken. Continue reading...

I once saw a young glassblower in Istanbul, still new to his craft, shatter a beautiful vase while taking it out of the furnace. The artisan master standing by his side calmly nodded and said something that I still think about. He told him: “You put too much pressure on it, you kept it unbalanced and you forgot that it, too, has a heart.”The year we are leaving behind has been plagued from the start by a series of social, economic, environmental, technological and institutional challenges, all happening with such speed and intensity that we are yet to fully comprehend their impact on our lives, let alone on future generations. As the overwhelming strain of domestic and geopolitical changes continues to build up, I cannot help but remember the man’s words. Too much pressure. Unstable, uncertain and replete with deep inequalities. This could well be the year we forgot that the Earth, too, has a heart. It definitely feels like the year when the world was broken.In 2024, to be fair, many of the current problems were already present and growing. But there was also a strong wave of positive expectations and public excitement as more than 1.6 billion people went to the polls. It was a time of unparalleled concentrated democratic activity full of promises, incautious confidence, passionate speeches and fiery oratory. Many voters were keen to express their anger and discontent, and express it they did. The mammoth year of elections revealed the importance of not only the ballot box, but also of the surrounding democratic institutions and norms. Language matters. How we talk to each other matters. Democratic decline always starts with words. When political opponents are treated as “enemies”, or even worse “enemies of the people”, the whole system suffers.Compared with that, the past 12 months have been marked by an emotional and intellectual fatigue for many people across different borders. What we are used to calling “the liberal international order” no longer carries weight. Deeply fractured and unable to hide its cracks, it is coming apart. The housing crisis, the lack of affordable rents and equal opportunities, and social and economic injustices have all eroded trust. Meanwhile, climate breakdown, AI threats and risks to pluralism, the possibility of another pandemic, and increasing militarism and jingoism alongside shifting alliances have contributed to the sense that the system that emerged from the ruins of the second world war has come to an end. As we close the first quarter of the century under the shadow of a new nuclear age, uncertainty is everywhere.In 2025, divisions have sadly deepened. At a time when humanity is faced with immense global challenges, we have been pushed further into boxes of “us v them”.An Afghan girl carries drinking water in Kabul, Afghanistan, in August 2025. Experts have warned that the city could become the first in the world to completely run out of water. Photograph: Samiullah Popal/EPAAn existential anxiety affects and drains many of us – east, west, north and south. Young and old. Perhaps some people are better at hiding their emotions than others, but when we look underneath polished social media facades of happy and fulfilled lives, we can see that anxiety is actually widespread. Fear. Frustration. Enervation. A new word has been coined to define the zeitgeist: “polycrisis”. The worst thing we can do, individually and collectively, is to allow ourselves to descend into numbness. To become desensitised to the pain and suffering of others: in Gaza, in Sudan, in Ukraine. This is why good and honest journalism matters all the more today. Many pieces published in the Guardian this year not only showed a remarkable depth and breadth, but also helped us to remain engaged and connected. In that sense, they are an antidote to numbness.There were sentimental moments this year, too. In the UK, we cried again over the Sycamore Gap tree and the senseless, meaningless hatred displayed by two men, convicted this year, who decided it would be fun to cut down something that had brought joy to so many for so long. It is interesting that the human sentimentality that we were allowed to display in response to the death of a beloved tree was denied to the chancellor, Rachel Reeves, when she was caught on camera crying in the Commons. The media and social media coverage was rather sexist. Amelia Gentleman wrote a coruscating piece asking why women’s workplace tears are regarded as a source of shame. Delving into another emotionally difficult subject, Polly Toynbee wrote courageously on the assisted dying debate, underlining how a decent life can end in a decent death.One of the most poignant and important pieces published this year was co-written by Malak A Tantesh and Emma Graham-Harrison about the despair of parents and grandparents in Gaza watching their children and grandchildren with skeletal bodies, so malnourished that they have become vulnerable to all kinds of horrible diseases: “We have faced hunger before, but never like this.” Dan Sabbagh composed an article about Ukraine that highlighted the devastating consequences of the occupation and war for ordinary families, with one person stating: “We never thought the war would come to our village.” Amplifying human stories can help to dismantle the cold and elitist rhetoric that treats people as sheer numbers.Oasis perform during their reunion tour in Melbourne in October 2025. Photograph: Joel Carrett/EPAA recent report revealed that Kabul could soon become the first modern city to completely run out of water, with all the aquifers drying up as early as 2030. More than 6 million people live in Afghanistan’s capital. In the UK, there is a growing public resentment and anger against water companies that keep pumping sewage into our rivers. Meanwhile, rivers are dying elsewhere, with the Middle East and north Africa being home to seven out of the 10 most water-stressed nations. The climate crisis is the story of water and the ones who disproportionately bear the brunt are always women, children and tpoor people.There were some moments of light. Even small miracles, such as the reunion of Oasis. We have seen a heartwarming rise in book clubs and reading parties. Unexpectedly, in this time of hyperinformation and fast consumption, many young people are taking up traditional hobbies. It feels as if the faster our world spins, the more urgent and universal our need to slow down, to connect, to think, to care.In Argentina recently, an 18th-century painting called Portrait of a Lady that was stolen from a Jewish art collector by the Nazis was recovered after being spotted on an estate agent’s listing. She looks at us calmly, the woman in the portrait, in her flower-embroidered dress; she who has seen too many atrocities but is still resilient and full of life. As always, art, culture and literature offer us a sanctuary, a home, a sense of togetherness. Glassblowers remind us that even the worst shattered glass can be melted, resculpted and revived. It all begins with an honest recognition of what remains broken and a willingness to mend.

New laws in 2026 target climate change, drunken driving

A slate of new laws will go into effect in states across the country beginning Jan. 1. From Hawaii imposing a tax on tourists to address conservation, to California raising its minimum wage by $0.40 an hour, 2026 will bring a host of policy changes. Here is what to know about four state laws that...

A slate of new laws will go into effect in states across the country beginning Jan. 1. From Hawaii imposing a tax on tourists to address conservation, to California raising its minimum wage by $0.40 an hour, 2026 will bring a host of policy changes. Here is what to know about four state laws that take effect in the new year. Hawaii launches “Green Fee”  Hawaii is raising its Transient Accommodations Tax (TAT) from 10.25 to 11 percent starting on Jan. 1. The TAT is imposed on those operating tourist accommodations, as well as travel brokers, agents and tour packagers.  The 0.75-percent increase, which Hawaii Gov. Josh Green (D) dubbed the “Green Fee,” is expected to generate roughly $100 million in additional annual revenue for environmental stewardship, climate resilience and sustainable tourism projects.  Hawaii’s Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism reported that over 9.6 million individuals visited the islands in 2023, an increase of 4.6 percent from 2022. Meanwhile, recovery in Lahaina, on the island of Maui, is ongoing in the wake of the deadly 2023 wildfires there. “As an island chain, [Hawaii] cannot wait for the next disaster to hit before taking action. We must build resiliency now, and the Green Fee will provide the necessary financing to ensure resources are available for our future,” Green said in June, upon signing the increase into law. Utah tightens restrictions on drunk drivers In Utah, courts will be able to prohibit individuals convicted of driving under the influence (DUI) from purchasing alcohol starting on Thursday.  That is thanks to H.B. 437, which Utah Gov. Spencer Cox (R) signed into law in March. The law allows judges to designate an individual convicted of extreme DUI as an “interdicted person.”  Under the law, those guilty of extreme DUI are defined as individuals with a blood or breath alcohol content of 0.16 or higher, more than triple the state’s legal limit. From 2022 to 2023, DUI charges and alcohol-related crashes and fatalities in Utah decreased from 908 to 847 and from 69 to 47, respectively, according to the state’s Commission on Criminal and Juvenile Justice. Texas establishes AI standards In the Lone Star State, lawmakers set a uniform standard regarding artificial intelligence (AI) with the Responsible AI Governance Act.  H.B. 149, which Texas Gov. Greg Abbott (R) signed in June, prohibits the use of AI to produce sexually explicit content or child pornography, obtain biometric data without an individual’s consent and manipulate human behavior — specifically inciting or encouraging self-harm. Texas joins over a dozen states with laws regulating AI. Debate over whether to leave AI governance to states or to impose a federal standard has split the GOP, as the Trump administration and House Republican Leadership have backed a federal preemption of state AI laws.  California boosts minimum wage California employers will be required to pay their workers at least $16.90 per hour starting Jan. 1, establishing a 40-cent increase for the minimum wage.  The rise was calculated by the California Department of Finance, which is mandated by law to adjust the state’s minimum wage based on inflation.  The increase applies to hourly workers, as well as salaried employees who do not receive overtime pay. Starting in 2026, minimum-wage salaried employees in the Golden State will make $70,304, an increase from $68,640 previously.  As of April 2024, the fast-food employees in California had to be paid at least $20 an hour, while health care workers also have a higher minimum wage that adjusts for inflation. Copyright 2025 Nexstar Media Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

New Navy Report Gauges Training Disruption of Hawaii's Marine Mammals

Over the next seven years, the U.S. Navy estimates its ships will injure or kill just two whales in collisions as it tests and trains in Hawaiian waters

Over the next seven years, the U.S. Navy estimates its ships will injure or kill just two whales in collisions as it tests and trains in Hawaiian waters, and it concluded those exercises won’t significantly harm local marine mammal populations, many of which are endangered.However, the Navy also estimates the readiness exercises, which include sonar testing and underwater explosions, will cause more than 3 million instances of disrupted behavior, hearing loss or injury to whale and dolphin species plus monk seals in Hawaii alone.That has local conservation groups worried that the Navy’s California-Training-and-Testing-EIS-OEIS/Final-EIS-OEIS/">detailed report on its latest multi-year training plan is downplaying the true impacts on vulnerable marine mammals that already face growing extinction threats in Pacific training areas off of Hawaii and California.“If whales are getting hammered by sonar and it’s during an important breeding or feeding season, it could ultimately affect their ability to have enough energy to feed their young or find food,” said Kylie Wager Cruz, a senior attorney with the environmental legal advocacy nonprofit Earthjustice. “There’s a major lack of consideration,” she added,” of how those types of behavioral impacts could ultimately have a greater impact beyond just vessel strikes.”The Navy, Cruz said, didn’t consider how its training exercises add to the harm caused by other factors, most notably collisions with major shipping vessels that kill dozens of endangered whales in the eastern Pacific each year. Environmental law requires the Navy to do that, she said, but “they’re only looking at their own take,” or harm.The Navy, in a statement earlier this month, said it “committed to the maximum level of mitigation measures” that it practically could to curb environmental damage while maintaining its military readiness in the years ahead. The plan also covers some Coast Guard operations.Federal fishery officials recently approved the plan, granting the Navy the necessary exemptions under the Marine Mammal Protection Act to proceed despite the harms. It’s at least the third time that the Navy has had to complete an environmental impact report and seek those exemptions to test and train off Hawaii and California.In a statement Monday, a U.S. Pacific Fleet spokesperson said the Navy and fishery officials did consider “reasonably foreseeable cumulative effects” — the Navy’s exercises plus unrelated harmful impacts — to the extent it was required to do so under federal environmental law.Fishery officials didn’t weigh those unrelated impacts, the statement said, in determining that the Navy’s activities would have a negligible impact on marine mammals and other animals.The report covers the impacts to some 39 marine mammal species, including eight that are endangered, plus a host of other birds, turtles and other species that inhabit those waters.The Navy says it will limit use of some of its most intense sonar equipment in designated “mitigation areas” around Hawaii island and Maui Nui to better protect humpback whales and other species from exposure. Specifically, it says it won’t use its more intense ship-mounted sonar in those areas during the whales’ Nov. 15 to April 15 breeding season, and it won’t use those systems there for more than 300 hours a year.However, outside of those mitigation zones the Navy report lists 11 additional areas that are biologically important to other marine mammals species, including spinner and bottle-nosed dolphins, false killer whales, short-finned pilot whales and dwarf sperm whales.Those biologically important areas encompass all the waters around the main Hawaiian islands, and based on the Navy’s report they won’t benefit from the same sonar limits. For the Hawaii bottle-nosed dolphins, the Navy estimates its acoustic and explosives exercises will disrupt that species’ feeding, breeding and other behaviors more than 310,000 times, plus muffle their hearing nearly 39,000 times and cause as many as three deaths. The report says the other species will see similar disruptions.In its statement Monday, U.S. Pacific Fleet said the Navy considered the extent to which marine mammals would be affected while still allowing crews to train effectively in setting those mitigation zones.Exactly how the Navy’s numbers compare to previous cycles are difficult to say, Wager Cruz and others said, because the ocean area and total years covered by each report have changed.Nonetheless, the instances in which its Pacific training might harm or kill a marine mammal appear to be climbing.In 2018, for instance, a press release from the nonprofit Center For Biological Diversity stated that the Navy’s Pacific training in Hawaii and Southern California would harm marine mammals an estimated 12.5 million times over a five-year period.This month, the center put out a similar release stating that the Navy’s training would harm marine mammals across Hawaii plus Northern and Southern California an estimated 35 million times over a seven-year period.“There’s large swaths of area that don’t get any mitigation,” Wager Cruz said. “I don’t think we’re asking for, like, everywhere is a prohibited area by any means, but I think that the military should take a harder look and see if they can do more.”The Navy should also consider slowing its vessels to 10 knots during training exercises to help avoid the collisions that often kill endangered whales off the California Coast, Cruz said. In its response, U.S. Pacific Fleet said the Navy “seriously considered” whether it could slow its ships down but concluded those suggestions were impracticable, largely due to the impacts on its mission.Hawaii-based Matson two years ago joined the other major companies who’ve pledged to slow their vessels to those speeds during whale season in the shipping lanes where dozens of endangered blue, fin and humpback whales are estimated to be killed each year.Those numbers have to be significantly reduced, researchers say, if the species are to make a comeback.“There are ways to minimize harm,” Center for Biological Diversity Hawaii and Pacific Islands Director Maxx Phillips added in a statement, “and protect our natural heritage and national security at the same time.”This story was originally published by Honolulu Civil Beat and distributed through a partnership with The Associated Press.Copyright 2025 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See – December 2025

Buddhist Monks Persist in Peace Walk Despite Injuries as Thousands Follow Them on Social Media

A group of Buddhist monks is persevering in their peace walk across much of the U.S. even after two participants were injured when a truck hit their escort vehicle

ATLANTA (AP) — A group of Buddhist monks is persevering in their walking trek across much of the U.S. to promote peace, even after two of its members were injured when a truck hit their escort vehicle.After starting their walk in Fort Worth, Texas, on Oct. 26, the group of about two dozen monks has made it to Georgia as they continue on a path to Washington, D.C., highlighting Buddhism's long tradition of activism for peace.The group planned to walk its latest segment through Georgia on Tuesday from the town of Morrow to Decatur, on the eastern edge of Atlanta. Marking day 66 of the walk, the group invited the public to a Peace Gathering in Decatur Tuesday afternoon.The monks and their loyal dog Aloka are traveling through 10 states en route to Washington, D.C. In coming days, they plan to pass through or very close to Athens, Georgia; the North Carolina cities of Charlotte, Greensboro and Raleigh; and Richmond, Virginia, on their way to the nation’s capital city.The group has amassed a huge audience on social media, with more than 400,000 followers on Facebook. Aloka has its own hashtag, #AlokathePeaceDog.The group's Facebook page is frequently updated with progress reports, inspirational notes and poetry.“We do not walk alone. We walk together with every person whose heart has opened to peace, whose spirit has chosen kindness, whose daily life has become a garden where understanding grows," the group posted recently.The trek has not been without danger. Last month outside Houston, the monks were walking on the side of a highway near Dayton, Texas, when their escort vehicle, which had its hazard lights on, was hit by a truck, Dayton Interim Police Chief Shane Burleigh said.The truck “didn’t notice how slow the vehicle was going, tried to make an evasive maneuver to drive around the vehicle, and didn’t do it in time,” Burleigh said at the time. “It struck the escort vehicle in the rear left, pushed the escort into two of the monks.”One of the monks had “substantial leg injuries” and was flown by helicopter to a hospital in Houston, Burleigh said. The other monk with less serious injuries was taken by ambulance to another hospital in suburban Houston. The monk who sustained the serious leg injuries was expected to have a series of surgeries to heal a broken bone, but his prognosis for recovery was good, a spokeswoman for the group said.Buddhism is a religion and philosophy that evolved from the teachings of Gautama Buddha, a prince turned teacher who is believed to have lived in northern India and attained enlightenment between the 6th and 4th centuries B.C. The religion spread to other parts of Asia after his death and came to the West in the 20th century. The Buddha taught that the path to end suffering and become liberated from the cycle of birth, death and reincarnation, includes the practice of non-violence, mental discipline through meditation and showing compassion for all beings.While Buddhism has branched into a number of sects over the centuries, its rich tradition of peace activism continues. Its social teaching was pioneered by figures like the Dalai Lama and Thich Nhat Hanh, who have applied core principles of compassion and non-violence to political, environmental and social justice as well as peace-building efforts around the world.Associated Press Writers Jeff Martin in Atlanta and Deepa Bharath in Los Angeles contributed.Copyright 2025 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See – December 2025

Trump’s EPA' in 2025: A Fossil Fuel-Friendly Approach to Deregulation

The Trump administration has reshaped the Environmental Protection Agency, reversing pollution limits and promoting fossil fuels

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Trump administration has transformed the Environmental Protection Agency in its first year, cutting federal limits on air and water pollution and promoting fossil fuels, a metamorphosis that clashes with the agency’s historic mission to protect human health and the environment.The administration says its actions will “unleash” the American economy, but environmentalists say the agency’s abrupt change in focus threatens to unravel years of progress on climate-friendly initiatives that could be hard or impossible to reverse.“It just constantly wants to pat the fossil fuel business on the back and turn back the clock to a pre-Richard Nixon era” when the agency didn’t exist, said historian Douglas Brinkley.Zeldin has argued the EPA can protect the environment and grow the economy at the same time. He announced “five pillars” to guide EPA’s work; four were economic goals, including energy dominance — Trump’s shorthand for more fossil fuels — and boosting the auto industry.Zeldin, a former New York congressman who had a record as a moderate Republican on some environmental issues, said his views on climate change have evolved. Many federal and state climate goals are unattainable in the near future — and come at huge cost, he said.“We should not be causing … extreme economic pain for an individual or a family” because of policies aimed at “saving the planet,” he told reporters at EPA headquarters in early December.But scientists and experts say the EPA's new direction comes at a cost to public health, and would lead to far more pollutants in the environment, including mercury, lead and especially tiny airborne particles that can lodge in lungs. They also note higher emissions of greenhouse gases will worsen atmospheric warming that is driving more frequent, costly and deadly extreme weather.Christine Todd Whitman, a Republican who led the EPA for several years under President George W. Bush, said watching Zeldin attack laws protecting air and water has been “just depressing.” “It’s tragic for our country. I worry about my grandchildren, of which I have seven. I worry about what their future is going to be if they don’t have clean air, if they don’t have clean water to drink,” she said.The EPA was launched under Nixon in 1970 with pollution disrupting American life, some cities suffocating in smog and some rivers turned into wastelands by industrial chemicals. Congress passed laws then that remain foundational for protecting water, air and endangered species.The agency's aggressiveness has always seesawed depending on who occupies the White House. Former President Joe Biden's administration boosted renewable energy and electric vehicles, tightened motor-vehicle emissions and proposed greenhouse gas limits on coal-fired power plants and oil and gas wells. Industry groups called rules overly burdensome and said the power plant rule would force many aging plants to shut down. In response, many businesses shifted resources to meet the more stringent rules that are now being undone.“While the Biden EPA repeatedly attempted to usurp the U.S. Constitution and the rule of law to impose its ‘Green New Scam,’ the Trump EPA is laser-focused on achieving results for the American people while operating within the limits of the laws passed by Congress,” EPA spokeswoman Brigit Hirsch said. Zeldin's list of targets is long Much of EPA’s new direction aligns with Project 2025, the conservative Heritage Foundation road map that argued the agency should gut staffing, cut regulations and end what it called a war on coal on other fossil fuels.“A lot of the regulations that were put on during the Biden administration were more harmful and restrictive than in any other period. So that’s why deregulating them looks like EPA is making major changes,” said Diana Furchtgott-Roth, director of Heritage's Center for Energy, Climate, and Environment.But Chris Frey, an EPA official under Biden, said the regulations Zeldin has targeted “offered benefits of avoided premature deaths, of avoided chronic illness … bad things that would not happen because of these rules.”Matthew Tejada, a former EPA official under both Trump and Biden who now works at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said of the revamped EPA: “I think it would be hard for them to make it any clearer to polluters in this country that they can go on about their business and not worry about EPA getting in their way.”Zeldin also has shrunk EPA staffing by about 20% to levels last seen in the mid-1980s. Justin Chen, president of the EPA’s largest union, called staff cuts “devastating.” He cited the dismantling of research and development offices at labs across the country and the firing of employees who signed a letter of dissent opposing EPA cuts. Relaxed enforcement and cutting staff Many of Zeldin's changes aren't in effect yet. It takes time to propose new rules, get public input and finalize rollbacks. It's much faster to cut grants and ease up on enforcement, and Trump's EPA is doing both. The number of new civil environmental actions is roughly one-fifth what it was in the first eight months of the Biden administration, according to the nonprofit Environmental Integrity Project. “You can effectively do a lot of deregulation if you just don’t do enforcement,” said Leif Fredrickson, visiting assistant professor of history at the University of Montana.Hirsch said the number of legal filings isn't the best way to judge enforcement because they require work outside of the EPA and can bog staff down with burdensome legal agreements. She said the EPA is “focused on efficiently resolving violations and achieving compliance as quickly as possible” and not making demands beyond what the law requires.EPA's cuts have been especially hard on climate change programs and environmental justice, the effort to address chronic pollution that typically is worse in minority and poor communities. Both were Biden priorities. Zeldin dismissed staff and canceled billions in grants for projects that fell under the “diversity, equity and inclusion” umbrella, a Trump administration target.He also spiked a $20 billion “green bank” set up under Biden’s landmark climate law to fund qualifying clean energy projects. Zeldin argued the fund was a scheme to funnel money to Democrat-aligned organizations with little oversight — allegations a federal judge rejected. Pat Parenteau, an environmental law expert and former director of the Environmental Law School at Vermont Law & Graduate School, said the EPA's shift under Trump left him with little optimism for what he called “the two most awful crises in the 21st century” — biodiversity loss and climate disruption.“I don’t see any hope for either one,” he said. “I really don’t. And I’ll be long gone, but I think the world is in just for absolute catastrophe.”The Associated Press receives support from the Walton Family Foundation for coverage of water and environmental policy. The AP is solely responsible for all content. For all of AP’s environmental coverage, visit https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environmentCopyright 2025 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Photos You Should See – December 2025

Eight Fascinating Scientific Discoveries From 2025 That Could Lead to New Inventions

By studying the natural world, scientists find blueprints for innovations that can improve human lives—in the genes of a shark, the fur of a polar bear and the flipper of an extinct reptile

Eight Fascinating Scientific Discoveries From 2025 That Could Lead to New Inventions By studying the natural world, scientists find blueprints for innovations that can improve human lives—in the genes of a shark, the fur of a polar bear and the flipper of an extinct reptile Carlyn Kranking - Associate Web Editor, Science December 30, 2025 8:00 a.m. Golden apple snails have eyes that are similar to humans’—and they can regenerate an amputated eye in just a month. Scientists uncovered a gene related to that process, laying the groundwork for more research that could help humans with eye injuries. Stowers Institute Humans are excellent inventors, but the best ideas aren’t formed in a vacuum. Sometimes, the spark for innovation comes from learning how things work in the world around us—and taking a page out of nature’s notebook. Biomimicry, or biomimetics, is the principle of creating technology, medications, artistic designs or environmental solutions that are based on the natural world. One day, for example, drones and robots might fold up in ways that resemble an insect’s wings or the creases in a cell wall. In 2025, scientists made new observations about animal biology and behavior that might have implications for solving human problems down the line. Researchers calculated how ants exert force, identified remarkable venom resistance in frogs and watched snails regrow their eyes. Among other findings, these studies are laying the groundwork for technological advances in the future. Here are eight scientific discoveries from the past year that might lead to new inventions. Lizards withstand levels of lead that would kill other animals Brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) in New Orleans survive despite high levels of lead in their blood. WebCrawley at English Wikipedia via Wikimedia Commons under CC BY-SA 3.0 Brown anoles in New Orleans might look like regular lizards from the outside, but a study published in August in Environmental Research revealed these reptiles are quietly tolerating some of the most extreme levels of lead exposure ever recorded. Based on the known lead tolerance of other vertebrates on Earth, researchers would have expected these anoles to be severely ill—and, more than likely, dead. Instead, the lizards are thriving. The animals examined by the researchers appeared healthy, had only minor damage to their liver and brain tissue, and performed well in speed, endurance and balance tests. But bone and blood samples from 40 anoles in high-exposure areas revealed they had almost 1,000 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood on average, and one individual had more than three times that amount. Health experts say there is no safe level of lead exposure for children, and public health interventions would likely be initiated if a child’s blood-lead content reaches a mere 3.5 micrograms of lead per deciliter. New Orleans has “a long history with things like lead paint and leaded gasoline,” co-author Alex Gunderson, an evolutionary biologist at Tulane University, told Popular Science’s Andrew Paul. That lead has found its way into soils and dust, which both lizards and human children can ingest. The study suggests lizards with high levels of lead in their blood could serve as a proxy for finding locations in the city where humans might be at an elevated risk of exposure. And down the line, figuring out the molecular basis for how brown anoles tolerate lead could help scientists develop interventions for humans with heavy metal poisoning.Polar bear fur remains ice-free with natural oils The sebum, or oil, in polar bear fur has natural de-icing properties. Alan D. Wilson via Wikimedia Commons under CC BY-SA 3.0 Even in near-freezing temperatures, polar bears plunge into cold Arctic waters, chasing down seals or moving between patches of sea ice. Then, when they emerge into the frigid air, the mammals don’t get large clumps of ice clinging to their fur. In fact, when researchers have worked with sedated polar bears in the wild, they find the animals are almost inexplicably dry. To measure the ice resistance of polar bear fur, a team of scientists tested how much force was required to move an ice block across four different surfaces: washed and unwashed polar bear fur, human hair and chemical-coated mohair ski skins, which are hair-based coverings for skis used to decrease adherence to the ice. The findings, published in Science Advances in January, suggest the unwashed, greasy polar bear fur was comparable to the best ski equipment, outperforming both the human hair and the washed fur. That’s because the unwashed fur is coated in sebum, or natural oil, that acts as a built-in ice repellant. The researchers analyzed the components of polar bear sebum and found cholesterol, diacylglycerols and fatty acids. But they didn’t find a fatty oil called squalene, which is present in the hair of humans, sea otters and other mammals. They think the polar bears’ lack of squalene is another key to their ice-free fur. Polar bear fur’s de-icing properties have long supported human innovation. For instance, Inuit people have affixed patches of fur beneath the legs of stools to help them slide along the ice without sticking. And now that researchers have an understanding of the components that make polar bear sebum resistant to ice, they might be able to create new alternatives to ice repellants that rely on PFAS. Also known as “forever chemicals,” PFAS compounds remain in the environment for a long time and are typically used for producing nonstick materials and anti-ice coatings. “If we do it in the right way, we have a chance of making [these products] environmentally friendly,” study co-author Bodil Holst, a physicist at the University of Bergen in Norway, told the Washington Post’s Dino Grandoni. Ichthyosaur flippers were primed for stealth An illustration of the Jurassic ichthyosaur Temnodontosaurus (left) and the fossil of its wing-like flipper at Lund University in Sweden (right). Joschua Knüppe (left); Katrin Sachs (right) Maybe you’ve seen an owl swooping through a forest at twilight—but you probably didn’t hear it. With specialized feathers on their wings, the birds of prey can move almost soundlessly through the air. Now, it turns out that ichthyosaurs—massive, predatory marine reptiles that lived during the age of dinosaurs—might have stalked the seas with the same degree of stealth. In 2009, fossil collector Georg Göltz was searching around a road construction site in Germany when he spotted several fossil bits that together formed nearly an entire front flipper of an ichthyosaur. The pieces, incredibly, had soft tissue intact, making the discovery a “once in a lifetime” find. By examining the fragments, a team of scientists found that the rear edge of the flipper was not smooth but serrated—and the toothy serrations were made from cartilage reinforced with calcium. A study describing the flipper, published in Nature in July, used simulations to suggest this structure helped the ichthyosaur, called Temnodontosaurus, to move silently. What’s more, the shape suggests the flipper extended past the end of the skeleton, culminating in a cartilaginous tip that could likely flex to reduce drag, like the winglet on the end of an airplane’s wing. This would have made the predator a more efficient swimmer, reducing the need for it to thrash its tail to move. “Less movement means less noise,” lead author Johan Lindgren, a paleontologist at Lund University in Sweden, told London’s Natural History Museum. This prehistoric flipper might help engineers today by inspiring quieter propellers and hydrofoils on watercraft, ultimately reducing noise pollution in the oceans, Lindgren added. Teams of weaver ants become “superefficient” when building complex nests Scientists stumped by weaver ants complex teamwork In many cases, two hands are better than one—but that idea can quickly get messy as additional people join a team. Imagine a group project where some individuals end up doing more work while others sit idly. Or a tug-of-war match, when having more people pull on the rope only helps to a certain degree—eventually, a large group might get in each other’s way or fail to coordinate their tugs. This phenomenon is known as the Ringelmann effect, named for the 19th-century French engineer Max Ringelmann. It suggests that as more members get involved with a team, each individual becomes less productive. Robots, however, don’t suffer from the Ringelmann effect. With more robots involved in a task, they can be programmed to coordinate their efforts efficiently. But in a Current Biology study published online in August, scientists discovered that weaver ants can outperform even robots: As they increase the size of their team, pulling on leaves to use in building their nests, the ants don’t merely avoid losing efficiency, they actually become stronger—or “superefficient.” In other words, one weaver ant could pull about 60 times its body weight. But put together with a group of 15 comrades, an ant could almost double that, pulling nearly 100 times its weight. The researchers measured this by giving ants paper cutouts of leaves and using a force meter to track the strength of the insects in real time as they linked their bodies into long chains to pull. The key to this power is a system the researchers call the “force ratchet,” in which ants take on different roles depending on their place in the chain. Ants at the front pull on the leaf, while those at the back stretch out their bodies and act as anchors to counterbalance the leaf’s weight. Another part of the ants’ success comes from their six legs, which help them make solid contact with the ground while pulling. Combining this knowledge with the newfound setup of the force ratchet, the team hopes to examine how groups of multi-legged robots might be able to boost their collective force. “Programming robots to adopt ant-inspired cooperative strategies, like the force ratchet, could allow teams of autonomous robots to work together more efficiently, accomplishing more than the sum of their individual efforts,” Chris Reid, a co-author of the study and biologist at Australia’s Macquarie University, said in a statement. Snails regrow amputated eyes within a month Stowers scientists establish apple snail as a research organism for investigating eye regeneration Humans have gone to great lengths to innovate in service of our eyes, from early artificial stand-ins to rare tooth-in-eye surgeries meant to restore vision. But so far, one thing we haven’t been able to achieve is total eye regeneration. On the other hand, golden apple snails—a common aquarium species native to South America—can regenerate their eyes quite quickly. In a study published in Nature Communications in August, scientists describe how the snails grow a new eye after one is amputated—and they do it in just about a month. Within the first 24 hours after amputation, the wound heals enough to prevent fluid loss and infection. The body then sends unspecialized cells to the site, which, over the next week and a half, multiply and specialize into the beginnings of eye structures. All the structures are present within 15 days, but they continue to mature over the following weeks. The eyes of golden apple snails share some key traits with human eyes, despite their seemingly supernatural ability. Both are known as “camera-type” eyes, which operate with a single lens, a protective cornea and a retina with light-detecting cells. What’s more, the development of both species’ eyes is regulated by a gene called pax6: In an experiment, snails that had both copies of that gene deactivated developed without eyes. Now, the researchers want to verify that pax6 is also involved in the regeneration of apple snails’ eyes. Such a discovery could ultimately point to ways to help humans with eye diseases or injuries. “If we find a set of genes that are important for eye regeneration, and these genes are also present in vertebrates, in theory we could activate them to enable eye regeneration in humans,” lead author Alice Accorsi, a biologist at the University of California, Davis, said in a statement. Greenland sharks defy aging, living as long as 400 years Greenland sharks can live for several centuries, and researchers are looking at their DNA to try to figure out how they do it. Hemming1952 via Wikimedia Commons under CC BY-SA 4.0 Next year, the United States will celebrate its 250th birthday. But some sharks might be reaching their 400th. Dwelling within the frigid north Atlantic and Arctic waters, Greenland sharks hold the title of the longest-living fish, reaching maturity at the age of roughly 150 and living as long as 400—or maybe even 500—years. The sharks move very little when they swim, and they’re adapted for cold with a low metabolic rate. Scientists thought these traits might play a role in their longevity, but those factors alone couldn’t explain how the sharks outlive every other vertebrate on Earth. So, researchers looked at their genes. Scientists sequenced the Greenland shark’s genome, which is exceptionally long. In their genetic code, the creatures have roughly 6.5 billion base pairs—the “rungs” in the ladder-like structure of the DNA molecule—which is twice as many as humans have. In a preprint paper posted to bioRxiv in February, which has not yet undergone peer review, researchers report the shark’s long genome has many extra copies of genes tied to the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays a role in the immune system, managing inflammation and regulating the growth of tumors. Shark species with shorter lifespans have fewer copies of these genes, per the study. “Since immune responses, inflammation and tumor formation significantly affect aging and lifespan, the increase in genes involved in NF-κB signaling might be related to the Greenland shark’s longevity,” study co-author Shigeharu Kinoshita, a researcher at the University of Tokyo, told New Scientist’s Chris Simms. Adding support to that idea is the red sea urchin, which is known to live beyond 100 years. A 2024 study found that the spiny invertebrate also has several copies of genes associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway. If researchers can learn more about the Greenland shark’s genome, they might be able to target places in our own genome with pharmaceuticals or gene therapies that might increase the amount of time humans can stay healthy. Pond frogs make an easy meal out of venomous hornets Pond frog preys on a giant hornet / トノサマガエルはオオスズメバチを捕食する The largest hornet in the world grows up to two inches across—and with its quarter-inch-long stinger, it can deal a potent dose of venom. Known as the northern giant hornet—or the “murder hornet”—the insect has a sting that can kill a mouse or put a human in serious pain. But in a December study in Ecosphere, Shinji Sugiura, an ecologist at Kobe University in Japan, watched black-spotted pond frogs devour these hornets without a second thought. The amphibians sustained multiple stings—and they didn’t even flinch. In a series of experiments, Sugiura tested 45 frogs—15 for each of three hornet species—and presented every one with a single insect. The frogs attacked with staggering success. Nearly 80 percent of the frogs given a northern giant hornet were able to swallow it, while 87 percent of frogs devoured a yellow-vented hornet and 93 percent ate a yellow hornet. Some amphibians produce their own toxins, which might give them an edge when it comes to venom resistance. But now, scientists hope to learn more about the pond frogs’ apparent resistance to the murder hornet’s sting, testing whether the amphibians can withstand other animals’ venoms and measuring just how many stings they can endure. “If pond frogs do possess physiological mechanisms that suppress pain or resist hornet venom, understanding them could one day help us develop new ways to reduce pain or inflammation in humans,” Sugiura told Gizmodo’s Ed Cara. Flamingos form tornado-like vortices as they probe for prey Tornado flamingo chattering A feeding flamingo looks to be performing an odd dance. Head down, with its bill below water, the bird stomps its feet and bobs its neck up and down. While it may look strange, the technique makes the flamingo an extremely effective filter-feeder capable of pulling shrimp and worms from nutrient-poor waters. To study this behavior, a team of scientists set up high-speed video cameras and lasers to record flamingos at the Nashville Zoo as they fed from tubs of water. Using 3D models of the birds’ heads, feet and beaks—as well as a real flamingo bill mounted to a machine that snapped it open and shut—the team modeled how the birds move the water. They published their findings in PNAS in May. As it turns out, the flamingos’ stomping stirs up food from the sediment. Then, the birds chatter their bills and move their tongues, altering the water flow in a way that draws in seven times more prey. And, when they pull their beaks rapidly out of the water, the birds create tiny tornado-like vortices, according to the research. The team suggests that harnessing vortices could lead to technologies that might gather up toxic algae or microplastics from oceans. Researchers are already testing filtration systems based on flamingos’ beaks that might improve wastewater treatment or water desalination. Taking another approach, the mechanics of flamingos’ webbed feet—and the animals’ habit of sliding their feet into the water rather than placing them flat—could inspire robots that walk successfully in mud. Regarding these future goals, co-author Saad Bhamla, a biophysicist at Georgia Tech, told Science News’ Elie Dolgin, “I’m cautiously optimistic.” Get the latest stories in your inbox every weekday.

Understanding Childhood Obesity: Causes, Treatments and How to Reduce Stigma

By Shagun Bindlish, MD, FACP, FOMA, DABOM, DACLM HealthDay ReporterTUESDAY, Dec. 30, 2025 (HealthDay News) — While childhood obesity has become...

TUESDAY, Dec. 30, 2025 (HealthDay News) — While childhood obesity has become more common in recent years, this is a condition that is about more than just weight.Childhood obesity reflects our modern environment of ultra-processed foods, digital devices and psychological stressors.To address childhood obesity, clinicians and families must work together to create a more nuanced, compassionate and evidence-based approach to prevention and care.What is childhood obesity?Today’s pediatric obesity epidemic involves both a child’s genetics and their environment. While genetics does play a significant role in the development of obesity in children, environments full of ultra-processed foods, screen-focused forms of recreation, poor sleep and mental stress are powerful contributors.Recent research shows that a mother’s health, how a baby is fed, and even exposure to certain chemicals during pregnancy can affect a child’s future metabolism.Combined with aggressive food marketing and environmental and social barriers to regular physical activity across diverse communities, these factors create a “perfect storm” for early metabolic risk.The power of early screeningThe American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) recommend that screening for obesity begin as early as age 2. In diagnosing obesity in children, clinicians look for the following:Assessing all of these factors can help clinicians intervene before weight-related issues develop.  The goal is not to put labels on children. It’s to help them build habits early, fostering healthy eating patterns, physical activity and self-esteem during their early years. Tailoring treatment based on age For children who have not entered puberty, the main goal is to normalize growth: maintain a healthy weight so height can catch up. Success depends on parents modeling healthy habits, setting routines and encouraging activity through play. Teenagers need more independence and support for emotional and social issues. Effective care should assess their sleep, stress and emotional eating, and should also check for bullying, depression, disordered eating and the effects of social media.The importance of guidance from caregiversThe most important factor in treating pediatric obesity is family and/or caregivers.Families and caregivers need guidance on nutrition, physical activity, understanding behavior and providing emotional support. Sustainable change is possible when a family works together. Parent-led steps like cooking meals together, being active as a family and limiting certain foods can make a big difference.Behavioral therapy reframes obesity as a chronic, relapsing condition, not a personal failure. It empowers both children and caregivers to replace shame with skills.Both the Obesity Medicine Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend intensive health behavior and lifestyle treatment (IHBLT), defined as at least 26 hours of structured, family-based counseling delivered over 6-12 months.Higher total contact time is associated with greater and more sustained improvements in BMI and cardiometabolic risk.Possibly one of the most important things clinicians can do is speak to children with obesity (and their parents) without putting the focus on weight. Using terms like “health habits” and “growth pattern” and emphasizing body positivity instead of focusing on “weight talk” can help patients feel more comfortable and committed to their treatment.It is also crucial to train staff to use person-first language (“child with obesity,” not “obese child”) to create a welcoming and weight-inclusive environment. This includes having appropriate seating, using a nonjudgmental tone and building trust with patients.For severe obesity, new options approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have emerged, like liraglutide and semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonists).These medications must accompany the changes in lifestyle (nutrition, physical activity and behavioral therapy). They should be prescribed by clinicians trained in pediatric obesity medicine.For teenagers with severe obesity and other related health issues, metabolic bariatric surgery offers a durable solution but requires long-term nutritional and emotional support.Building a healthier future for childrenChildren cannot overcome obesity on their own. Effective prevention requires collaboration from their family, health care providers, schools, policymakers and communities.Policies like healthy school meals, walkable neighborhoods, early nutrition education and restrictions on junk food marketing can reduce pediatric obesity better than clinical care alone.Shagun Bindlish, MD, FACP, FOMA, DABOM, DACLM, is an internist and diabetologist with advanced expertise in obesity and lifestyle medicine. She serves as medical and scientific chair for the American Diabetes Association in Northern California and is the founder of the Golden State Obesity Society. An educator at Touro University California and University at Sea CME, she has trained providers worldwide in metabolic health. She is also a recipient of the prestigious Compassionate Physician of the Year Award by the California Medical Association. Her work focuses on advancing diabetes and obesity care through innovation, education and advocacy.Copyright © 2025 HealthDay. All rights reserved.

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